CRISP Type 2: Collaborative Research: Towards Resilient Smart Cities

CRISP 类型 2：协作研究：迈向弹性智能城市

• 批准号: 1541108
• 负责人: Arif Sarwat
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1541108&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRISP; Type; Collaborative; Research; Towards

Realizing the vision of truly smart cities is one of the most pressing technical challenges of the coming decade. The success of this vision requires synergistic integration of cyber-physical critical infrastructures (CIs) such as smart transportation, wireless systems, water networks, and power grids into a unified smart city. Such smart city CIs have significant resource dependence as they share energy, computation, wireless spectrum, users and personnel, and economic investments, and as such are prone to correlated failures due to day-to-day operations, natural disasters, or malicious attacks. Protecting tomorrow's smart cities from such failures requires instilling resiliency into the processes that manage the city's common CI resources. Such processes must be able to adaptively and optimally reallocate smart city resources to recover from failure. The goal of this Critical Resilient Interdependent Infrastructure Systems and Processes (CRISP) collaborative research project is to address this fundamental challenge via a coordinated and interdisciplinary approach that relies on machine learning, operations research, behavioral economics, and cognitive psychology to lay the mathematical foundations of resilient smart cities. The anticipated results will break new ground in the understanding of synergies between multiple cyber-physical infrastructure and resilient resource management thus catalyzing the global deployment of smart cities. This research will yield advances to the areas of resilient systems, cyber-physical systems, security and privacy engineering, game theory, computer and network science, behavioral economics, data analytics, and psychology. The project will involve students from diverse backgrounds across engineering, computer science, economics, and psychology that will be trained on pertinent research issues related to smart cities and resiliency. The project will also contribute to fostering trust between residents and the various technological processes that are fundamental to the operation of a smart city.This research will introduce a foundational, transformational, analytical framework for leveraging synergies between a city's CIs to yield resilient resource management schemes cognizant of both technological and human factors. By bringing together researchers from interdisciplinary fields, this framework yields several advances: 1) Rigorous mathematical tools for delineating the inter-dependencies between CIs via a complementary mix of novel tools from graph theory, power indices, machine learning, and random spatial models; 2) Resilient resource management mechanisms that advance notions from frameworks such as behavioral game theory to enable optimized management of shared CI resources in face of failures stemming from agents of varying intelligence levels; 3) Behavioral models for characterizing the trust relationships between the residents of a smart city and the CIs; 4) Behavioral studies that provides guidelines on how to influence the users of the CIs in such a way so as to improve the resiliency of the CIs; and 5) Large-scale smart city simulators coupled with realistic experiments that will bridge the gap between theory and practice. The insights from this project will apply to the future scientific cyber-infrastructures that are likely to be interconnected as well as interdependent. The simulator will be a software artifact that would be a useful component of a scientific cyberinfrastructure aimed at understanding (for example) smart cities.

意识到真正智能城市的愿景是未来十年中最紧迫的技术挑战之一。这种愿景的成功需要将网络物理关键基础设施（CIS）的协同整合（例如智能运输，无线系统，水网络和电网）与统一的智能城市。这种智能的城市独联体具有很大的资源依赖性，因为它们共享能源，计算，无线频谱，用户和人员以及经济投资，因此由于日常操作，自然灾害或恶意攻击而容易相关的失败。保护明天的智能城市免受此类失败的影响，需要将弹性灌输到管理城市常见CI资源的过程中。这样的过程必须能够自适应地重新分配智能城市资源以从失败中恢复。这个关键的弹性相互依存的基础架构系统和流程（CRISP）协作研究项目的目的是通过协调和跨学科的方法来应对这一基本挑战，该方法依赖于机器学习，操作研究，行为经济学以及认知心理学来奠定弹性智能城市的数学基础。预期的结果将在理解多个网络物理基础架构和弹性资源管理之间的协同作用方面打破新的基础，从而促进了智能城市的全球部署。这项研究将为弹性系统，网络物理系统，安全和隐私工程，游戏理论，计算机和网络科学，行为经济学，数据分析和心理学领域带来进步。该项目将涉及来自工程，计算机科学，经济学和心理学的各种背景的学生，这些学生将接受与智能城市和弹性有关的相关研究问题培训。该项目还将有助于培养居民与智能城市运营基础的各种技术过程之间的信任。这项研究将引入一个基础，变革性的，分析性的框架，用于利用城市CI之间的协同作用，以产生具有弹性资源管理方案，即对技术和人类因素的认识。通过将跨学科领域的研究人员汇总在一起，该框架得出了几个进步：1）严格的数学工具，用于通过图理论，电源指数，机器学习和随机空间模型的新工具的补充组合来描述CI之间的相互依存关系； 2）从行为游戏理论等框架中提出概念的弹性资源管理机制，以面对不同智能级别的代理人的故障来优化对共享CI资源的优化管理； 3）表征智慧城市居民与独联体之间的信任关系的行为模型； 4）行为研究提供了有关如何以这种方式影响CI用户的准则，以提高CI的弹性； 5）大规模智能城市模拟器以及现实的实验将弥合理论与实践之间的差距。该项目的见解将适用于未来的科学网络基础结构，这些基础结构可能既可能相互联系又相互依存。模拟器将是一个软件工件，它将成为旨在理解（例如）智能城市的科学网络基础结构的有用组成部分。