CRISP Type 2: Collaborative Research: Towards Resilient Smart Cities

CRISP 类型 2：协作研究：迈向弹性智能城市

• 批准号: 1541108
• 负责人: Arif Sarwat
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1541108&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRISP; Type; Collaborative; Research; Towards

Realizing the vision of truly smart cities is one of the most pressing technical challenges of the coming decade. The success of this vision requires synergistic integration of cyber-physical critical infrastructures (CIs) such as smart transportation, wireless systems, water networks, and power grids into a unified smart city. Such smart city CIs have significant resource dependence as they share energy, computation, wireless spectrum, users and personnel, and economic investments, and as such are prone to correlated failures due to day-to-day operations, natural disasters, or malicious attacks. Protecting tomorrow's smart cities from such failures requires instilling resiliency into the processes that manage the city's common CI resources. Such processes must be able to adaptively and optimally reallocate smart city resources to recover from failure. The goal of this Critical Resilient Interdependent Infrastructure Systems and Processes (CRISP) collaborative research project is to address this fundamental challenge via a coordinated and interdisciplinary approach that relies on machine learning, operations research, behavioral economics, and cognitive psychology to lay the mathematical foundations of resilient smart cities. The anticipated results will break new ground in the understanding of synergies between multiple cyber-physical infrastructure and resilient resource management thus catalyzing the global deployment of smart cities. This research will yield advances to the areas of resilient systems, cyber-physical systems, security and privacy engineering, game theory, computer and network science, behavioral economics, data analytics, and psychology. The project will involve students from diverse backgrounds across engineering, computer science, economics, and psychology that will be trained on pertinent research issues related to smart cities and resiliency. The project will also contribute to fostering trust between residents and the various technological processes that are fundamental to the operation of a smart city.This research will introduce a foundational, transformational, analytical framework for leveraging synergies between a city's CIs to yield resilient resource management schemes cognizant of both technological and human factors. By bringing together researchers from interdisciplinary fields, this framework yields several advances: 1) Rigorous mathematical tools for delineating the inter-dependencies between CIs via a complementary mix of novel tools from graph theory, power indices, machine learning, and random spatial models; 2) Resilient resource management mechanisms that advance notions from frameworks such as behavioral game theory to enable optimized management of shared CI resources in face of failures stemming from agents of varying intelligence levels; 3) Behavioral models for characterizing the trust relationships between the residents of a smart city and the CIs; 4) Behavioral studies that provides guidelines on how to influence the users of the CIs in such a way so as to improve the resiliency of the CIs; and 5) Large-scale smart city simulators coupled with realistic experiments that will bridge the gap between theory and practice. The insights from this project will apply to the future scientific cyber-infrastructures that are likely to be interconnected as well as interdependent. The simulator will be a software artifact that would be a useful component of a scientific cyberinfrastructure aimed at understanding (for example) smart cities.

实现真正智慧城市的愿景是未来十年最紧迫的技术挑战之一。这一愿景的成功需要将智能交通、无线系统、供水网络和电网等网络物理关键基础设施（CI）协同集成到统一的智能城市中。此类智慧城市 CI 具有严重的资源依赖性，因为它们共享能源、计算、无线频谱、用户和人员以及经济投资，因此很容易因日常运营、自然灾害或恶意攻击而出现相关故障。保护未来的智慧城市免受此类故障的影响需要向管理城市公共 CI 资源的流程注入弹性。此类流程必须能够自适应且最佳地重新分配智慧城市资源，以从故障中恢复。这个关键弹性相互依赖基础设施系统和流程 (CRISP) 合作研究项目的目标是通过协调和跨学科的方法来应对这一基本挑战，该方法依赖于机器学习、运筹学、行为经济学和认知心理学，为以下问题奠定数学基础：弹性智慧城市。预期结果将在理解多个网络物理基础设施和弹性资源管理之间的协同作用方面开辟新天地，从而促进智慧城市的全球部署。这项研究将为弹性系统、网络物理系统、安全和隐私工程、博弈论、计算机和网络科学、行为经济学、数据分析和心理学领域带来进展。该项目将涉及来自工程学、计算机科学、经济学和心理学等不同背景的学生，他们将接受与智慧城市和弹性相关的相关研究问题的培训。该项目还将有助于培养居民与智慧城市运营所必需的各种技术流程之间的信任。这项研究将引入一个基础性、变革性的分析框架，用于利用城市 CI 之间的协同效应，产生有弹性的资源管理方案认识到技术因素和人为因素。通过汇集跨学科领域的研究人员，该框架取得了一些进展：1）通过图论、功率指数、机器学习和随机空间模型等新颖工具的互补组合，提供严格的数学工具来描述 CI 之间的相互依赖性； 2）弹性资源管理机制，推进行为博弈论等框架的概念，以在面对不同智能水平的代理引起的故障时实现共享 CI 资源的优化管理； 3）表征智慧城市居民与CI之间信任关系的行为模型； 4) 行为研究，为如何影响 CI 用户提供指导，从而提高 CI 的弹性； 5）大型智慧城市模拟器与现实实验相结合，将弥合理论与实践之间的差距。该项目的见解将适用于未来可能相互关联且相互依赖的科学网络基础设施。该模拟器将是一个软件工件，它将成为旨在理解（例如）智能城市的科学网络基础设施的有用组成部分。