EarthCube IA: Collaborative Proposal: LinkedEarth: Crowdsourcing Data Curation & Standards Development in Paleoclimatology

EarthCube IA：协作提案：LinkedEarth：众包数据管理

• 批准号: 1540996
• 负责人: Nicholas McKay
• 金额: $ 11.3万
• 依托单位: Northern Arizona University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1540996&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EarthCube; IA; Collaborative; Proposal; LinkedEarth

Natural climate variability signficantly modulates anthropogenic global warming, and only paleoclimate observations can adequately constrain it. Moreover, such observations are most powerful when many records are brought together to provide a spatial understanding of past variability. However, there is currently no universal way to share paleoclimate data between users or machines, hindering integration and synthesis. Large-scale, international, paleoclimate data syntheses have a long and successful history, but have been needlessly labor-intensive. Recognizing that (1) paleoclimate data curation requires expert knowledge; (2) top-down data management approaches are ineffectual; (3) existing infrastructure does not foster standardization; there emerges a critical need for a flexible platform enabling crowdsourced data curation and standards development.The platform will be combined with editorial and community-driven processes which will result in a system that has the potential to engage a broad user base in geoscientific data curation. The proposed framework will lower barriers to participation in the geosciences, enabling more "dark data" to join the public domain using community-sanctioned protocols. The pilot project will facilitate the work of hundreds of paleoclimate scientists, accelerating scientific discovery and the dissemination of its results to society.Semantic wikis provide a simple, intuitive interface to semantic languages and infrastructure that build on open Web architecture. Like traditional wikis, they enable the collaborative authoring of content. Secure access and time-stamped content also enable the tracking of changes and the accountability of users, as well as moderation capabilities by community members of recognized expertise. In contrast to traditional wikis, semantic wikis allow contributors to assign meaning to their content, specifying relationships between the objects they describe. This enables artificial intelligence reasoners to parse, process and translate these data into more useful forms. The technology is well-proven, scalable, and completely transparent to the user, requiring no computer science knowledge or more sophisticated technology than a web browser. The LinkedEarth Wiki will automatically translate this information into Linked Open Data, a universal format to share data across the Web. To demonstrate this concept?s broad applicability across paleoclimate science, the project?s target community is the PAGES2k consortium, an international collaboration dedicated to the climate of the Common Era. Social technologies will be developed to power collective curation, standards development and quality control by the community itself. The project will demonstrate applicability to other paleogeosciences, serving as a potential template for other geoscientific disciplines.

自然气候变化显着调节人为全球变暖，只有古气候观测才能充分限制它。此外，当将许多记录汇集在一起​​以提供对过去变异性的空间理解时，此类观察最为有力。然而，目前还没有通用的方法在用户或机器之间共享古气候数据，这阻碍了集成和综合。大规模、国际性的古气候数据综合有着悠久而成功的历史，但一直是不必要的劳动密集型。认识到 (1) 古气候数据管理需要专业知识； (2) 自上而下的数据管理方法无效； (3) 现有基础设施无法促进标准化；迫切需要一个能够实现众包数据管理和标准开发的灵活平台。该平台将与编辑和社区驱动的流程相结合，从而形成一个有潜力吸引广泛用户群参与地球科学数据管理的系统。拟议的框架将降低参与地球科学的障碍，使更多的“暗数据”能够使用社区认可的协议加入公共领域。该试点项目将促进数百名古气候科学家的工作，加速科学发现及其成果向社会的传播。语义 wiki 为构建在开放 Web 架构上的语义语言和基础设施提供简单、直观的界面。与传统的 wiki 一样，它们支持内容的协作创作。安全访问和带时间戳的内容还可以跟踪更改和用户责任，以及具有公认专业知识的社区成员的审核能力。与传统 wiki 相比，语义 wiki 允许贡献者为其内容分配含义，指定他们所描述的对象之间的关系。这使得人工智能推理机能够解析、处理这些数据并将其转换为更有用的形式。该技术经过充分验证，可扩展，并且对用户完全透明，不需要计算机科学知识或比网络浏览器更复杂的技术。 LinkedEarth Wiki 会自动将此信息转换为链接开放数据，这是一种在网络上共享数据的通用格式。为了证明这一概念在古气候科学中的广泛适用性，该项目的目标群体是 PAGES2k 联盟，这是一个致力于共同时代气候的国际合作组织。社会技术的发展将推动社区本身的集体管理、标准制定和质量控制。该项目将展示对其他古地球科学的适用性，作为其他地球科学学科的潜在模板。