CSR: SHF: Small: Programming Language, Runtime System, and Architecture Support for Reliability in Intermittent, Energy-Harvesting Computing Devices

CSR：SHF：小型：间歇性能量收集计算设备可靠性的编程语言、运行时系统和架构支持

• 批准号: 1526342
• 负责人: Brandon Lucia
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1526342&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CSR; SHF; Small; Programming; Language

Emerging energy-harvesting computing devices (EHDs) run on energy extracted from their environment and are poised to be the key enabler of next-generation wearables, implantable medical devices, and the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, software on an EHD can only execute intermittently, as energy is available. When power fails (10 to 100 times per second) the EHD turns off and reboots, requiring software on EHDs to span multiple periods of execution interrupted by power failures. Unfortunately, today's software development tools and practices do not address intermittence, and frequent interruptions cause unexpected and incorrect system behavior. Intermittence is a barrier to the widespread adoption of EHDs for many high-value applications and limits EHDs to use by experts only.This proposal addresses the fundamental challenges of intermittence by introducing the Persistent- Channel-Based (PCB) programming and execution model. PCB provides a new, simpler way to write software that is robust to intermittence. PCB also describes a new way to execute that software with high reliability, despite intermittence. By simplifying the process of writing software for EHDs and making intermittent execution reliable, PCB makes EHDs accessible to all potential system builders and developers.Just as the maturation of programming and execution models for embedded computer systems spawned industries around new embedded applications (e.g., the quantified-self project and in-home sensing), the development of the ideas in this project propels the same transformation for EHDs. PCB will enable researchers, individuals, and commercial players to create novel EHD-based applications that in the past could only be tediously purpose-built by expert researchers. The impact of this work is expected to transcend the technical outcomes of the research.The primary technical outcomes in PCB are novel approaches to writing and executing software. Programs are composed of tasks using a novel task-graph control-flow model that eliminates control-flow discontinuities due to intermittence. PCB's novel channel-based memory model together with channel access control, ensures that memory remains consistent. PCB simplifies a program?s reasoning progress because it persistently tracks the execution through the task graph and channel access control prevents a task from modifying its inputs, ensuring correctness as the task repeatedly executes to completion. PCB cuts across layers of the system stack, with language, compiler, runtime, and architecture support using a language that enables programmers to use simple expressions. The compiler maps programs to operations in PCB's runtime system which in turn implements tasks and channels, providing the guarantees relied on by the PCB language. Hardware and architecture support for channels and tasks, provides similar guarantees with novel hardware support, eliminating the overhead of the software runtime system. Encouraging preliminary findings support the idea that PCB's tasks and channels makes reasoning about intermittent computation simpler and that PCB eliminates correctness issues in several actual EHD applications.

新兴的能源收获计算设备（EHD）以从其环境中提取的能量运行，并有望成为下一代可穿戴设备，可植入医疗设备和物联网（IoT）应用程序的关键推动力。但是，EHD上的软件只能间歇性执行，因为可以使用能量。当功率故障（每秒10到100次）时，EHD关闭并重新启动，需要EHD上的软件跨越多个被功率故障中断的执行期。不幸的是，当今的软件开发工具和实践无法解决间歇性，并且频繁的中断会导致出乎意料且不正确的系统行为。间歇性是许多高价值应用程序广泛采用EHD的障碍，并限制了仅专家使用的EHD。该提案通过引入持久的基于渠道（PCB）的程序和执行模型来解决间歇性挑战的基本挑战。 PCB提供了一种新的，更简单的方式来编写与内间歇性强大的软件。 PCB还描述了一种新的方法，即使间歇性地执行该软件具有很高的可靠性。 By simplifying the process of writing software for EHDs and making intermittent execution reliable, PCB makes EHDs accessible to all potential system builders and developers.Just as the maturation of programming and execution models for embedded computer systems spawned industries around new embedded applications (e.g., the quantified-self project and in-home sensing), the development of the ideas in this project propels the same transformation for EHDs. PCB将使研究人员，个人和商业参与者能够创建基于EHD的新型应用程序，而这些应用程序过去只能由专家研究人员乏味地构建。这项工作的影响有望超越研究的技术成果。PCB中的主要技术结果是编写和执行软件的新颖方法。程序由使用新颖的任务控制控制模型组成的任务组成，该模型消除了由于间歇性而导致的控制流不连续性。 PCB的基于新颖的通道内存模型以及通道访问控制，可确保内存保持一致。 PCB简化了程序的推理进度，因为它可以通过任务图和频道访问控件来跟踪执行，并阻止任务修改其输入，从而确保随着任务反复执行完成任务的正确性。 PCB使用语言，编译器，运行时和体系结构支持使用一种语言，使程序员可以使用简单的表达式进行剪切。编译器将程序映射到PCB的运行时系统中的操作，该程序依次实施了任务和渠道，从而提供了PCB语言所依赖的保证。针对渠道和任务的硬件和架构支持通过新颖的硬件支持提供了类似的保证，从而消除了软件运行时系统的开销。鼓励初步发现支持了PCB的任务和渠道使间歇性计算的推理更简单的想法，并且PCB消除了几个实际的EHD应用程序中的正确性问题。

项目成果

A Reconfigurable Energy Storage Architecture for Energy-harvesting Devices

• DOI: 10.1145/3296957.3173210
• 发表时间: 2018-02-01
• 期刊: ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES
• 作者: Colin, Alexei;Ruppel, Emily;Lucia, Brandon
• 通讯作者: Lucia, Brandon