EAGER: Fluctuations and dissipation in nonlinear mesoscopic vibrational systems

EAGER：非线性介观振动系统中的波动和耗散

基本信息

批准号：
1514591
负责人：
Mark Dykman
金额：
$ 28万
依托单位：
Michigan State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-08-01 至 2018-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1514591&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER Fluctuations dissipation nonlinear mesoscopic

项目摘要

Non-technical abstract Today's technology allows the fabrication of devices with sizes on the order of nanometers that are used in a variety of applications such as light modulation and mass measurements in labs-on-a-chip. The functioning of these nano electro-mechanical systems, or NEMS, can currently be fairly well understood using the laws of classical mechanics first developed by Newton. However, as the device size continues to shrink new effects will emerge that govern their behavior. For very small devices Newton's laws are no longer valid and the more mysterious and counterintuitive laws of quantum mechanics will govern the behavior. In addition, fluctuations and non-linearity's in the device will become more important. This EAGER brings together an experimental and theoretical physicist to develop new analytical tools and experimental methods to understand, predict and control NEMS when fluctuations and non-linear behavior become important. This will have important practical consequences as these devices are used for mass, charge and force measurements, accurate frequency sources and electro-optic modulators. Graduate students involved in this project will learn state of the art experimental and theoretical techniques and will gain valuable experience working in an experimental-theoretical collaboration.Technical abstract NEMS are the best characterized platform for studies of quantum and classical fluctuations far from equilibrium, including such phenomena as interstate switching and optomechanical cooling and heating. However, there remain major questions concerning the very origin of the fluctuations and the mechanisms of dissipation in these systems, as well as the interplay of fluctuations, dissipation, and nonlinearity. Conventional theories of open quantum and classical systems are insufficient, as they do not adequately describe substantially nonlinear vibrations and the effects of non-Gaussian fluctuations. The research supported by this grant will develop theoretical and experimental means for separating and identifying eigenfrequency fluctuations and studying their statistics and spectra. In turn, this will make it possible to establish their microscopic mechanism. In a broader context, the proposed studies pave the way to understanding general features of classical and quantum fluctuations away from thermal equilibrium using nonlinear NEMS driven by strong periodic fields.

非技术抽象当今的技术允许制造具有纳米尺寸的设备，这些设备在各种应用中使用，例如在芯片上实验室中的光调制和质量测量。这些纳米电力机械系统或NEM的功能目前可以通过牛顿首先开发的古典力学定律来很好地理解。但是，随着设备尺寸继续缩小，将出现新的效果，以控制其行为。对于很小的设备，牛顿的定律不再有效，量子力学的更神秘和违反直觉的定律将控制这种行为。此外，设备中的波动和非线性将变得更加重要。这种渴望汇集了一个实验和理论物理学家，以开发新的分析工具和实验方法，以理解，预测和控制不线行为时，预测和控制了NEM。这将带来重要的实际后果，因为这些设备用于质量，电荷和力测量，准确的频率来源和电磁调节器。参与该项目的研究生将学习艺术实验和理论技术的状态，并将获得在实验理论协作中工作的宝贵经验。技术抽象的NEMS是量子和经典波动研究的最佳特征平台，远非均衡，包括诸如际交换和光学机械冷却和热的现象。但是，关于这些系统中波动的起源和耗散机制的起源以及波动，耗散和非线性的相互作用，仍然存在重大问题。开放量子和经典系统的常规理论不足，因为它们没有充分描述实质上非线性振动以及非高斯波动的影响。该赠款支持的研究将开发出理论和实验手段，用于分离和识别特征频率波动并研究其统计数据和光谱。反过来，这将使建立其微观机制成为可能。在更广泛的背景下，拟议的研究为理解经典和量子波动的一般特征从热平衡中使用的一般特征铺平了道路，该研究使用由强的周期性磁场驱动的非线性NEM从热平衡中消失。