Velocities, elevation changes and mass budgets of Antarctic Peninsula glaciers

南极半岛冰川的速度、海拔变化和质量预算

基本信息

批准号：
220177562
负责人：
Professor Dr. Matthias Holger Braun
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Geographie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Infrastructure Priority Programmes
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/220177562?language=en
关键词：
Velocities elevation changes mass budgets

项目摘要

Climate conditions along the Antarctic Peninsula have considerably changed in the last 50 years. The glaciers on the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) have already shown reactions of change by speedup and surface lowering. The disintegration of the Larsen-A and B Ice Shelves, the ice shelves in the Larsen Inlet, Prinz-Gustav-Channel and Wordie Ice Shelf have led to a surge-type behaviour of tributary glaciers to which much of the current contribution of Antarctic Peninsula ice to sea level rise is attributed. However, quantifications of mass loss from the peninsula using different observations and methods are still ambiguous. We propose to improve the quantifications of mass loss in the area of the former Northern Larsen-A embayment as well as for Western Antarctic Peninsula glaciers including tributaries to former Wordie Ice Shelf. In order to achieve those goals we analyse time series of SAR satellite data from the ESA archive to determine glacier velocity changes for these regions over the last 20 years. We use data from the new national mission TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X to generate ice velocity fields, to determine surface elevation changes and to map the grounding line of tidewater glaciers. We will back our products with ground truth measurements from two field campaigns and laser altimetry from collaborating partners. In an integrated analysis we link those data sets to achieve a better glaciological understanding of underlying processes. We apply a novel approach to quantify volume changes and to derive ice thickness maps for selected areas using a mass conserving approach that leverages on the various remote sensing data sets generated.

在过去的50年中，南极半岛沿线的气候条件发生了很大变化。南极西部半岛（WAP）上的冰川已经通过加速和表面降低显示了变化的反应。 Larsen-A和B冰架的瓦解，Larsen Inlet，Prinz-Gustav-Channel和Wordie Ice架的冰架，导致了支流冰川的激增型行为，而南极半岛冰层对海平面上升的当前大部分贡献都归因于海平面上升。但是，使用不同的观察和方法对半岛质量损失的量化仍然模棱两可。我们建议改善前北拉森-A胚胎以及南极西部半岛冰川在内的质量损失的量化，包括前沃迪冰架的支流。为了实现这些目标，我们分析了ESA档案中SAR卫星数据的时间序列，以确定过去20年这些区域的冰川速度变化。我们使用来自新的国家任务Terrasar-X和Tandem-X的数据来产生冰速度场，确定表面高程的变化并绘制潮水冰川的接地线。我们将通过两个现场活动和协作合作伙伴的激光高度测量的基础真相测量来支持我们的产品。在综合分析中，我们将这些数据集链接起来，以获得对基础过程的更好的冰科理解。我们采用一种新颖的方法来量化体积变化，并使用在生成的各种遥感数据集上利用的质量保护方法来得出所选区域的冰厚度图。