UNS: Engineering of Polymer Electrolytes for Energy Storage

UNS：用于储能的聚合物电解质工程

• 批准号: 1510888
• 负责人: Kenneth Lau
• 金额: $ 30.06万
• 依托单位: Drexel University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1510888&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: UNS; Engineering; Polymer; Electrolytes; Energy

Lau, 1510888Looking to the future, energy storage devices will require significant technological leaps to satisfy the increasing demands of the energy economy. Concomitantly, enhanced energy storage solutions will require significant scientific breakthroughs in materials and processes. Focusing on rechargeable lithium ion batteries, miniaturization is anticipated to be an important path forward, especially with the recent advances seen in portable electronics, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), wireless devices, medical implants, and sensors. This project will study new synthesis and processing strategies for engineering small scale lithium ion batteries. Specifically, adapting smaller microbatteries, particularly as on-board power sources, will require a transformation from the current two-dimensional (2D) planar thin film design to a three-dimensional (3) architecture composed of porous nanostructured materials. This battery redesign project aims at taking advantage of the much larger active surface area to volume and smaller charge transport distance for increasing energy and power density is such miniaturized devices. In addition, materials can display new phenomena at the nanoscale, such as faster electrode processes and lesser electrode strain, compared to bulk behavior. This project aims at increasing energy and power density by utilizing the much larger active surface area to volume and smaller ion transport distance in this miniaturization approach. But, there exist significant knowledge gaps related to finding appropriate all solid state nanoscale electrolytes, viable nanoscale synthesis and processing pathways, and nanoscale ion conduction phenomena amenable to a 3D nano structured design. Thus, the overall objective of this application is to bridge these knowledge gaps to deliver new nanoscale materials, nanoscale synthesis and processing methodologies, and to study nanoscale behavior in such lithium ion batteries. Specifically, the PI has chosen to study polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymers as potential all solid state polymer electrolytes that will be synthesized and conformally coated on the surfaces within mesoporous aperiodic 3D nanostructures. He will apply a liquid-free synthesis and deposition technique developed in his lab that enables ring opening cationic polymerization of ethylene oxide ring monomers in a chemical vapor deposition environment. The specific research aims are to: (1) define the processing space to create conformal coatings of PEO polymers inside 3D porous nanostructured materials; (2) understand the ion conduction behavior of PEO polymers within 3D nanoconfined domains; and (3) obtain the structure-property-processing relationships to create 3D nanostructured lithium ion batteries. Efforts from this work are expected to extend beyond energy storage into the fields of sensors, electrochromics, and biomedicine. Integrated with the research program is an educational thrust that aims to train graduate and undergraduate students as well as engage scientists in nanoscience and nanotechnology related to energy storage. Additionally, high school students will be recruited to participate in independent research through established relationships with area high schools. Minority, underprivileged and underrepresented students will be actively recruited. Outreach to Philadelphia high schools will be made to enhance student awareness and action in energy technologies and social responsibility. Outreach to middle school students through non-profit organizations will be made to motivate science learning.

Lau，1510888在未来，储能设备将需要大量的技术飞跃，以满足能源经济不断增长的需求。随之而来的是，增强的储能解决方案将需要在材料和过程中取得重大的科学突破。专注于可充电锂离子电池，小型化预计将是一条重要的前进道路，尤其是在便携式电子设备，微机械系统（MEMS），无线设备，医疗植入物和传感器中看到的最新进展。该项目将研究工程小型锂离子电池的新合成和加工策略。具体而言，适应较小的微型材料，尤其是在机上功率来源，将需要从当前的二维（2D）平面薄膜设计到由多孔纳米结构材料组成的三维（3）架构进行转换。该电池重新设计的项目旨在利用更大的活性表面积到体积，而充电距离较小，以增加能量和功率密度，就是这样的微型设备。此外，与散装行为相比，材料可以在纳米级显示新现象，例如更快的电极过程和较小的电极应变。 该项目旨在通过在这种微型化方法中利用更大的活性表面积和较小的离子传输距离来增加能量和功率密度。但是，与找到适当的所有固态纳米级电解质，可行的纳米级合成和加工途径以及纳米级离子传导现象相关，存在明显的知识差距，可与3D纳米结构化设计相关。因此，该应用的总体目的是弥合这些知识差距，以提供新的纳米级材料，纳米级合成和加工方法，并研究此类锂离子电池中的纳米级行为。具体而言，PI选择研究聚乙烯氧化物（PEO）聚合物作为潜在的所有固态聚合物电解质，这些电解质将合成并在介孔的大道3D纳米结构内的表面上合成并覆盖。他将应用在他的实验室中开发的无液体合成和沉积技术，该技术在化学蒸气沉积环境中可以打开环氧化物环单体的阳离子聚合。具体研究的目的是：（1）定义加工空间，以在3D多孔纳米结构材料内创建PEO聚合物的共形涂层； （2）了解3D纳米结合域中PEO聚合物的离子传导行为； （3）获取结构 - 加工关系以创建3D纳米结构锂离子电池。预计这项工作的努力将扩展到传感器，电染色体和生物医学领域。与研究计划集成的是一种教育性的力量，旨在培训毕业生和本科生，并吸引科学家参与与能量存储有关的纳米科学和纳米技术。此外，将通过与地区高中建立的关系招募高中生参加独立研究。将积极招募少数群体，贫困和代表性不足的学生。将向费城高中推广，以提高学生在能源技术和社会责任方面的意识和行动。通过非营利组织向中学生推广，以激励科学学习。