P2C2: Collaborative Research:Spatiotemporal Variability of Northwestern North American Temperatures in Response to Climatic Forcing

P2C2：合作研究：北美西北部气温对气候强迫的时空变化

• 批准号: 1502150
• 负责人: Rosanne D'Arrigo
• 金额: $ 45.47万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-01 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1502150&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: P2C2; Collaborative; Research; Spatiotemporal; Variability

Generally, this award aims to apply a novel analytical technique to a millennial-scale tree-ring data from existing and newly-obtained sample archives to yield reconstructions of past temperature variability closely linked to dominant modes of climatic forcing, such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The researchers are targeting three climatically-sensitive regions where tree-ring width (RW) records of this length are available in existing sample archives from the Gulf of Alaska in southern Alaska, Sukakpak in northern Alaska, and northwestern Canada (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta). The resulting climate reconstructions will be compared with climate model outputs to examine spatiotemporal patterns in response to climate forcing (particularly volcanoes), identify uncertainties, and test hypotheses regarding internal and forced modes of variability.This award will generate a suite of novel, maximum latewood density (MXD) chronologies for these sites using the Blue Intensity (BI) parameter, which is substantially less costly and labor intensive yet retains the accuracy and resolution of traditional MXD techniques. There are few sub-millennial to millennial scale MXD-based chronologies currently existing for this vast region. The researchers argue that the resulting BI chronologies, based on living and subfossil wood material, will yield robust records of past climatic extremes, trends and shifts in past temperature, spatiotemporal expressions of internal Pacific variability, as well as details regarding the external climate forcing over northwestern North America for the past millennium. The research project has broad impact in four key aspects, namely:First, this project will synthesize a network of climatically-sensitive tree-ring records from across northwestern North America to yield high-resolution, strongly calibrated reconstructions on past climate variability from intra-seasonal to Decadal to Centennial time scales. These dendroclimatic reconstructions will mainly be developed using existing data that will be processed to extract new information using the new BI technique, along with the development of field temperature reconstructions. Tree-ring data will be compared to model output and other proxy records and made available to the modeling community. This research will help advance a broader understanding of the long-term variability of climate over the past millennium for one of the most rapidly changing regions of the globe.Second, scientific results from the project will be archived and provided to the scientific community through the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) and International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB). Third, as appropriate, the researchers will engage with native groups in Alaska. In the past, the PIs have interacted extensively with northern communities by involving native peoples in research and plan to continue to do so for this project. The potential research outcomes could have relevance to native populations and the data and interpretations will be available to relevant communities (community groups, e.g. Arctic Borderlands Ecological Knowledge Cooperative, http://www.taiga.net/coop/index.html).Fourth, the project will support undergraduate and graduate students as part of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program and the student program at The College of Wooster. The support of undergraduate students would allow for an early experience in research.

一般来说，该奖项旨在将一种新颖的分析技术应用于现有和新获得的样本档案中的千年尺度树木年轮数据，以重建与气候强迫的主要模式密切相关的过去温度变化，例如太平洋年代际振荡（原产地保护组织）。 研究人员瞄准了三个气候敏感地区，在阿拉斯加南部的阿拉斯加湾、阿拉斯加北部的苏卡帕克和加拿大西北部（育空地区、不列颠哥伦比亚省、艾伯塔省）。由此产生的气候重建将与气候模型输出进行比较，以检查响应气候强迫（特别是火山）的时空模式，识别不确定性，并测试有关内部和强迫变异模式的假设。该奖项将产生一套新颖的、最大的晚材使用蓝色强度 (BI) 参数对这些站点的密度 (MXD) 年表进行分析，该参数的成本和劳动力密集程度要低得多，但仍保留传统 MXD 技术的准确性和分辨率。目前，这一广大地区很少有亚千禧年到千禧年规模的基于 MXD 的年表。 研究人员认为，由此产生的 BI 年表基于活体和亚化石木材材料，将产生过去气候极端情况、过去温度趋势和变化、内部太平洋变化的时空表达以及有关外部气候强迫的详细记录。过去千年的北美西北部。该研究项目在四个关键方面具有广泛影响，即：首先，该项目将综合北美西北部的气候敏感树木年轮记录网络，以对过去的气候变化进行高分辨率、强校准的重建。季节性到十年到百年时间尺度。这些树木气候重建将主要使用现有数据进行开发，这些数据将使用新的 BI 技术进行处理以提取新信息，同时开发现场温度重建。年轮数据将与模型输出和其他代理记录进行比较，并提供给建模社区。这项研究将有助于更广泛地了解过去千年中全球变化最快的地区之一的气候长期变化。其次，该项目的科学成果将被存档并通过以下方式提供给科学界：国家地球物理数据中心（NGDC）和国际树木年轮数据库（ITRDB）。 第三，研究人员将酌情与阿拉斯加的土著群体进行接触。过去，PI 通过让原住民参与研究与北方社区进行了广泛的互动，并计划在该项目中继续这样做。 潜在的研究成果可能与当地人口相关，并且数据和解释将提供给相关社区（社区团体，例如北极边境生态知识合作社，http://www.taiga.net/coop/index.html）。第四作为伍兹霍尔海洋研究所本科生研究体验项目 (REU) 和伍斯特学院学生项目的一部分，该项目将为本科生和研究生提供支持。本科生的支持将使他们能够获得早期的研究经验。