IRES: Undergraduate Research Opportunities in Microbiology and Biogeosciences of Siberian Deep Subsurface Permafrost

IRES：西伯利亚深层地下永久冻土微生物学和生物地球科学本科生研究机会

• 批准号: 1460058
• 负责人: Tatiana Vishnivetskaya
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1460058&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IRES; Undergraduate; Research; Opportunities; Microbiology

Part 1This NSF IRES grant will provide undergraduate students with a rich international research opportunity in both microbiology and biogeosciences through their examination of unique 5,000-3,000,000 year-old permafrost sediment samples previously collected in the Northeast Siberian Arctic. Twelve students over the course of three summers will spend a total of six weeks at the Soil Cryology Laboratory of the Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems of Soil Sciences (IPBPSS) within the Russian Academy of Sciences and complete their research projects under the supervision of academic mentors from both IPBPSS and University of Tennessee Knoxville. The project will give these students an integrated research experience including educational guidance and cultural enlightenment, while strengthening research collaboration between U.S. and Russian scientists.Part 2Permafrost occupies approximately 25% (23 million km²) of the Earth's continental surface in the Northern Hemisphere, yet its microbiota remains largely unexplored. The microbial communities embedded within permafrost for millions of years represent a ?gold mine? of genes encoding for low-temperature biocatalysts involved in biosynthetic and biodegradative pathways. Research projects of the students participating in this IRES program will be devoted to studying the biodiversity, as well as the interactions between microbial diversity, functional activity and physicochemical properties, within deep subsurface permafrost sediments. The proposed research will apply various state-of-the-art techniques such as qPCR, DNA hybridization, geochemical analyses, and metagenomics, in addition to traditional microbiological and analytical approaches. This research will fill in gaps regarding the taxonomic and functional diversity of the Siberian permafrost and contribute to the international knowledge about permafrost ecosystems. The broad dissemination and availability of metagenomic data from different permafrost strata will supply considerable knowledge to our understanding of the microbial ecology of polar regions with respect to both permafrost degradation and its impact on global warming.

第 1 部分 NSF IRES 赠款将为本科生提供丰富的微生物学和生物地球科学国际研究机会，通过对 12 名学生在三个夏天收集的独特的 5,000-3,000,000 年前的永久冻土沉积物样本进行检查。将在土壤科学研究所理化与生物问题研究所土壤冷冻学实验室度过总共六周的时间该项目将为这些学生提供包括教育指导和文化启蒙在内的综合研究经验，同时加强研究合作。美国和俄罗斯科学家之间的争论。第 2 部分 永久冻土层约占北半球地球大陆表面的 25%（2300 万平方公里），但其微生物群在很大程度上仍未被探索。埋藏在永久冻土中数百万年的微生物群落是编码参与生物合成和生物降解途径的低温生物催化剂的基因的“金矿”。参与该 IRES 项目的学生的研究项目也将致力于研究生物多样性。作为深层地下永久冻土沉积物中微生物多样性、功能活动和物理化学性质之间的相互作用，拟议的研究将应用各种最先进的技术，例如除了传统的微生物学和分析方法之外，qPCR、DNA 杂交、地球化学分析和宏基因组学也将填补西伯利亚永久冻土分类学和功能多样性方面的空白，并有助于有关永久冻土生态系统的国际知识的广泛传播和发展。来自不同永久冻土层的宏基因组数据的可用性将为我们了解极地地区的微生物生态学提供大量知识，包括永久冻土退化及其对全球的影响变暖。

项目成果

Draft Genome Sequence of Microbacterium sp. Gd 4-13, Isolated from Gydanskiy Peninsula Permafrost Sediments of Marine Origin

微杆菌基因组序列草案。

• DOI: 10.1128/mra.00889-19
• 发表时间: 2019-10
• 期刊: Microbiology Resource Announcements
• 影响因子: 0.8
• 作者: Spirina, Elena V.;Kuleshov, Konstantin V.;Yunusova, Alfiya K.;Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A.;Rivkina, Elizaveta M.;Newton, Irene L.
• 通讯作者: Newton, Irene L.

Predominance of Anaerobic, Spore-Forming Bacteria in Metabolically Active Microbial Communities from Ancient Siberian Permafrost

古代西伯利亚永久冻土代谢活跃的微生物群落中厌氧、孢子形成细菌的优势

• DOI: 10.1128/aem.00560-19
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Liang, Renxing;Lau, Maggie;Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana;Lloyd, Karen G.;Wang, Wei;Wiggins, Jessica;Miller, Jennifer;Pfiffner, Susan;Rivkina, Elizaveta M.;Onstott, Tullis C.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al