A Gum-like Electrolyte Promoting Safety and Performance of Lithium Ion Batteries

胶状电解质可提高锂离子电池的安全性和性能

• 批准号: 1463616
• 负责人: Weihong (Katie) Zhong
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1463616&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Gum; like; Electrolyte; Promoting; Safety

The safety of lithium ion batteries has seen an increased concern with respect to the customers' usage, ground shipment and air transportation. Therefore, the next generation of these batteries must be safer in addition to high performance. The electrolyte is one of the key components in a battery. It plays a very important role for battery safety and performance. Currently, liquid electrolytes generally possess high ionic conductivity and good interfacial properties but come with safety issues. Solid polymer or inorganic solid electrolytes are essentially safe and show excellent mechanical properties. However, they have low ionic conductivity in comparison and poor interfacial contact/adhesion with electrodes, which limits their broad practical applications. Gel electrolytes are usually a combination of liquid and solid showing a promising type of high-performance electrolyte. However, several critical issues including safety concern and inferior mechanical performance still exist. Therefore, this study on a high performance electrolyte that will combine safety and beneficial properties of various electrolytes is significant and important for broad industry sectors, as well as further benefit the clean energy driven market.The objective of this project is to create a novel composite, gum-like (or gummy) material for electrolytes with the desired performance for next-generation energy storage devices including various lithium ion batteries. This gummy material possesses the following critical properties for electrolytes; high ionic conductivity at the liquid electrolyte level, strong adhesion to maintain good/stable contact with solid electrodes, good mechanical properties and the safety of solid material level. The design is based on a three-phase network composed or liquid component, (i.e. organic liquid electrolyte), solid particle component of thermally sensitive particles and soft matrix polar polymer. The optimized network formation will lead to the desired multi-functionalities for the gummy composite. The scope of the research includes: (1) investigation of the roles of the individual component in controlling the critical properties (conductivity, mechanical properties, adhesion etc.); (2) establishment of structure-property relationships for the gummy composite materials; (3) optimization of the compositions, structures and properties of the gummy composite for high performance electrolyte application. The intellectual merits of this project include: solving critical safety and interfacial problems for the electrolyte, introducing a new strategy for safety improvements in batteries especially thermal-protection capability; leading to a new approach to fabricate functional composite materials.

锂离子电池的安全性在客户的使用，地面运输和航空运输方面越来越关注。因此，除了高性能外，下一代这些电池还必须更安全。电解质是电池中的关键组件之一。它对于电池安全性和性能起着非常重要的作用。目前，液体电解质通常具有高离子电导率和良好的界面特性，但带有安全问题。固体聚合物或无机固体电解质基本上是安全的，并且显示出极好的机械性能。但是，与电极相比，它们的离子电导率较低，界面接触/粘附不良，这限制了其广泛的实际应用。凝胶电解质通常是液体和固体的组合，显示出有希望的高性能电解质。但是，仍然存在一些关键问题，包括安全关注和劣等机械性能。因此，这项对将结合安全性和各种电解质的有益特性的高性能电解质的研究对广泛的行业很重要，并且进一步受益于清洁能源驱动的市场。该项目的目的是创建一种新颖的综合。 ，用于电解质的口香糖状（或软糖）材料，以及所需的下一代储能设备的性能，包括各种锂离子电池。这种软糖材料具有以下电解质的临界特性。高离子电导率在液态电解质水平上，保持与固体电极的良好接触，良好的机械性能和固体材料水平的安全性。该设计基于组成或液体成分（即有机液体电解质），热敏感颗粒的固体颗粒成分和软基质极性聚合物的固体颗粒成分。优化的网络形成将导致Gummy复合材料的所需多功能性。研究范围包括：（1）调查单个组件在控制关键特性（电导率，机械性能，粘附等）中的作用； （2）建立用于胶质复合材料的结构 - 特性关系； （3）优化用于高性能电解质应用的软糖复合材料的组成，结构和特性。该项目的智力优点包括：解决电解质的关键安全性和界面问题，引入了一种新的策略，以改善电池的安全性，尤其是热保护能力；导致一种制造功能复合材料的新方法。