Investigating the Small-Scale Vertical and Horizontal Variability of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Aerosol using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

使用无人机研究大气边界层气溶胶的小范围垂直和水平变化

• 批准号: 218345998
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jens Bange
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Forschungsstelle Potsdam
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/218345998?language=en
• 关键词: Investigating; Small; Scale; Vertical; Horizontal

The aim of the proposed project is the in situ investigation of the vertical and horizontal distribution of aerosol particles in the polar atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Small-scale atmospheric processes and the variability of aerosol particles are investigated using an in situ approach by unmanned aerial systems (UAS). They expand the capabilities for aerosol investigation and fill the gap between continuous ground-based observations and extensive aircraft measurements. This project will use three UAS simultaneously. A miniature aerosol measurement system, detecting the number concentration in eight particle size ranges, has been developed and characterized for the new UAS ALADINA in the framework of the DFG funded project LA 2907/5-1, BA 1988/14-1, WI 1449/22-1. Of special importance is the deployment of two condensation particle counters with different detection threshold, adjustable for diameters between 5 and 20 nm, for identification of very small, recently formed particles. The two other UAS of type MASC have been equipped for measurements of the turbulent thermodynamic properties of the ABL (e.g. turbulent fluxes) on horizontal flights and vertical profiles, and additionally for measuring larger particle number concentration. Different flight pattern of the three UAS simultaneously provide a 3D picture of atmospheric parameters and the aerosol distribution. The deployment of the measurement systems during the preceding projects allowed the characterization of aerosol variability and especially the vertical dynamics of new particle formation at a rural, continental site (Melpitz, Germany). It was shown that new particle formation starts typically at the top of the ABL, and particles are transported downwards by subsequent convective mixing, where they can be observed with ground-based sensors.The well-established systems will now be used to determine the aerosol variability in the polar ABL (Ny-Alesund, Svalbard), with the background of continuous ground-based in situ and remote sensing observations at ground level and at the Zeppelin observatory (470 m). Of special interest is the transition of aerosol properties from rather large, aged aerosol particles in spring (Arctic haze) to presumably small, locally formed particles in summer. The small-scale highly variable orography modifies the distribution of aerosol, and local effects like special wind systems (along the fjord) occur. The observed data of particle nucleation are further used for numerical studies to improve the understanding of the particle nucleation in polar regions.

拟议项目的目的是对极性大气边界层（ABL）中气溶胶颗粒的垂直和水平分布的原位研究。小规模的大气过程和气溶胶颗粒的可变性是使用无人机系统（UAS）的原位方法研究的。他们扩大了气溶胶调查的功能，并填补了连续地面观测和广泛的飞机测量之间的空白。该项目将同时使用三个UAS。在DFG资助的项目LA 2907/5-1，BA 1988/14-1，WI 1449/22-1的框架内开发并表征了一个新的UAS Aladina的微型气溶胶测量系统，并为新的UAS Aladina开发并表征了八个粒径范围的数量浓度。特别重要的是，要在5到20 nm之间的直径上调节两个冷凝粒子计数器，以识别非常小的，最近形成的颗粒。 MASC型的另外两个UA已配备用于测量水平飞行和垂直轮廓上ABL（例如湍流通量）的湍流热力学特性，并用于测量较大的粒子数浓度。三个UAS的不同飞行模式同时提供了大气参数和气溶胶分布的3D图片。在先前项目期间测量系统的部署允许表征气溶胶变异性，尤其是在农村大陆场（德国梅尔皮茨）在农村地区的新颗粒形成的垂直动力学。 It was shown that new particle formation starts typically at the top of the ABL, and particles are transported downwards by subsequent convective mixing, where they can be observed with ground-based sensors.The well-established systems will now be used to determine the aerosol variability in the polar ABL (Ny-Alesund, Svalbard), with the background of continuous ground-based in situ and remote sensing observations at ground level and at the Zeppelin observatory （470 m）。特别感兴趣的是气溶胶特性从春季相当大的，老化的气溶胶颗粒（北极雾霾）转变为夏季可能很小的局部形成的颗粒。小尺度高度可变的地形图会改变气溶胶的分布，局部效应（如特殊风系统（沿峡湾））发生。观察到的粒子成核的数据进一步用于数值研究，以提高对极区域粒子成核的理解。