Collaborative Research: Ground-based Measurements to Constrain Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions in West Coast United States Storms

合作研究：限制美国西海岸风暴中气溶胶-云-降水相互作用的地面测量

• 批准号: 1450690
• 负责人: Markus Petters
• 金额: $ 18.02万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-03-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1450690&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ground; based; Measurements

AbstractThis research seeks to characterize aerosol particles acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nucleating particles (INPs) during wintertime storms along the west coast of the U.S. Specifically the researchers will participate in CalWater-2/ACAPEX field campaign with a combination of ground measurements at Bodega Bay, CA and airborne instruments studying the Atmospheric River (AR) phenomena and the impact of aerosols on wintertime precipitation in the Sierra Mountains of California. Intellectual MeritThese ground-based and in situ airborne measurements will improve our fundamental understanding of the role of biological and other aerosol types in enhancing or suppressing orographic precipitation over the western U.S. during winter. A variety of instruments will be used to directly and remotely measure these aerosols. The results should aid the cloud microphysics community through improved understanding of ice formation in clouds at temperatures warmer than -20C. This study will be conducted in collaboration with the Department of Energy (DoE) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) during the CalWater-2 field campaign. The ground- and ship-based data will be combined with airborne data to develop a four-dimensional view of Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) and Ice Nucleating Particle (INP) concentrations. Data sets will be integrated into a description of the influences of these aerosols on winter and early spring precipitation in the Sierra Mountains of California. Broader ImpactsThis project will support the training of Ph.D. students from two universities (Colorado State University and North Carolina State University) using advanced instrumentation including confocal fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. With the ongoing drought in the western United States this study is both timely and critical in advancing our understanding of biological and other aerosol types on wintertime precipitation in the Sierra Mountains. As a major source region of the U.S. food supply, an improved understanding of the role of these aerosols on wintertime precipitation has broad implications on the resulting spring and summer water management policy in California.

摘要这项研究旨在表征充当云凝结核（CCN）和冰核颗粒（INP）的气溶胶颗粒（INPS）在美国西海岸的冬季暴风雨中，特别是研究人员将与地面相结合参与Calwater-2/acapex田间活动。在加利福尼亚的Bodega Bay和研究大气河现象（AR）现象的空中仪器以及气溶胶对加利福尼亚塞拉山脉冬季降水的影响。 智力优点基于地面和原位空气传播的测量将提高我们对生物学和其他气溶胶类型在冬季增强或抑制在美国西部的地形降水方面的作用的基本理解。 各种仪器将用于直接和远程测量这些气溶胶。 结果应通过改善温度温暖下的云层的了解来帮助云微物理学社区，而不是-20C。 这项研究将与能源部（DOE）和国家海洋与大气管理局（NOAA）合作进行。 地面和船舶的数据将与机载数据相结合，以开发云凝结核（CCN）和ICE成核颗粒（INP）浓度的四维视图。 数据集将集​​成到对这些气溶胶对加利福尼亚塞拉山脉冬季和早春降水的影响的描述。 更广泛的影响力将支持博士学位的培训。来自两所大学（科罗拉多州立大学和北卡罗来纳州立大学）的学生使用高级仪器，包括共聚焦荧光显微镜和扫描电子显微镜。 随着美国西部正在进行的干旱，这项研究既及时又至关重要，这对于我们对塞拉山脉冬季降水量的生物学和其他气溶胶类型的理解既是至关重要的。 作为美国粮食供应的主要来源地区，人们对这些气溶胶在冬季降水方面的作用有了深刻的了解，对加利福尼亚州的春季和夏季水管理政策产生了广泛的影响。