Sinabung Volcano, Sumatra: Testing the link to the Toba Supervolcano

苏门答腊岛锡纳朋火山：测试与多巴超级火山的联系

• 批准号: 1445634
• 负责人: Shanaka de Silva
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1445634&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Sinabung; Volcano; Sumatra; Testing; link

Sinabung Volcano, located less than 25 miles from the northern edge of the Toba caldera, Sumatra, has been erupting dangerously since November, 2013 with significant potential hazard to the more the 100,000 people living in the surrounding Brestagi-Kabanjahe districts. 25 miles to the NE lies Medan, the capital of the North Sumatra province with over 2million people. Most concerning is that there is evidence that the erupted magma compositions of Sinabung and Sibayak (its neighbour) share more in common with the Toba magma system, than with other arc volcanoes in Suantra. Without trying to be alarmist, this affinity to Toba has obvious consequences for the way we should think about hazards from Sinabung and Sibayak as Toba-like compositions tend to result in more explosive eruptions that normal arc volcanoes. Moreover, if these two volcanoes are somehow linked to the Toba magma system, then we must factor that into predicting the potential hazard. To test the hypothesis of a link between Sinabung-Sabayak and Toba magma systems, these researchers propose to look for a Toba ?signal? in Sinabung and Sibayak. The signal will be in two parts. First, they will focus on microscopic zircon crystals and obtain age dates that will help them identify any Toba-aged components. They will do this by obtaining in-situ U-Th age determinations in zircons and then combining these data with He-in-zircon. This will allow them to track the Toba signature back through the history of activity at Sinabung and Sibayak through time. In addition, detailed analysis of zonation of zircons would allow them to differentiate between two alternative explanations for the Toba signal; a) re-melting solidified remnants of Toba and b) rejuvenating an old Toba magma. Both these scenarios will influence the eruptive style of Sinabung and Sibayak, but the latter would connote that the Toba signal is recent and beneath Sinabung and Sibayak. Second, the chemical fingerprint of Toba will be searched for using whole rock major and trace elements, and isotopic ratios The work needs to be done in a timely fashion under the auspices of RAPID, while the iron is hot so to speak, because the opportunity to sample the most recent eruption must be taken before the explosive deposits, which are small, are removed by monsoon rains and their context lost. This work will be done in collaboration with Indonesian colleagues and other international groups addressing volcanic hazards from Sinabung.

自2013年11月以来，距离苏门答腊Toba Caldera的北部边缘不到25英里的Sinabung火山对居住在周围的Brestagi-Kabanjahe地区的100,000人的危险危险危险。距离北苏门答腊省的首都25英里，有超过200万人。最令人担忧的是，有证据表明，与Suantra的其他弧形火山相比，Sinabung和Sibayak（其邻居）（其邻居）的岩浆成分与Toba Magma系统的共同点更多。在没有试图成为危险的情况下，这种与托巴的亲和力对我们应该考虑辛巴格和西巴亚克的危害的方式产生了明显的后果，因为类似托巴的构图往往会导致正常的弧形火山爆炸性爆发。此外，如果这两个火山与Toba Magma系统相关，那么我们必须考虑到预测潜在危险。为了测试Sinabung-Sabayak和Toba Magma Systems之间联系的假设，这些研究人员建议寻找一个toba？信号？在Sinabung和Sibayak。信号将分为两个部分。首先，他们将专注于微观锆石晶体，并获得年龄的日期，以帮助他们识别任何Toba时代的成分。他们将通过在锆石中获得原位U-the年龄确定，然后将这些数据与He-In-Zircon相结合来做到这一点。这将使他们能够通过时间的塞巴（Sinabung）和西巴亚克（Sibayak）的活动历史来追踪托巴（Toba）签名。此外，对锆石的分区进行详细分析将使它们可以区分TOBA信号的两个替代解释。 a）重新融化托巴和b）恢复旧的托巴岩浆的固体残余物。这两种情况都将影响Sinabung和Sibayak的喷发风格，但后者表示Toba信号是最近的，在Sinabung和Sibayak下方。其次，Toba的化学指纹将用于使用整个岩石专业和微量元素，以及同位素比，需要及时完成工作，而在快速的主持下进行的，而铁很热则可以说，因为必须在爆发之前进行采样的机会，在爆炸性沉积物中被爆炸，这些爆炸量很小，这些爆炸性很小，这些爆炸率很小。这项工作将与印度尼西亚同事和其他国际团体合作完成，以解决Sinabung的火山危害。