Collaborative Research: Manufacturing of Complex Lenses for Thermal Imaging, Night Vision and Surveillance Systems

合作研究：制造用于热成像、夜视和监控系统的复杂镜头

基本信息

批准号：
1437232
负责人：
Don Lucca
金额：
$ 14.17万
依托单位：
Oklahoma State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-11-01 至 2020-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1437232&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Manufacturing Complex Lenses

项目摘要

Ultra-precision machines utilize single crystal diamond tools to manufacture lenses (optics) with dimensional accuracy that is on the order of a small fraction of the diameter of a human hair (approximately one ten-millionth of one meter). New ultra-precision machine technology enables the manufacture of lenses (optics) of nearly arbitrary shape: freeform optics. This freedom allows lens designers to think in entirely new ways. As one of the enabling technologies for freeform optics, ultra-precision machining is poised to play a major role in an optical revolution. A prime application area of this technology is the manufacture of lenses for thermal imaging and surveillance, thermal imaging and night vision systems (infrared imaging). This award supports fundamental research needed for the cost effective manufacture of freeform infrared (thermal) optics. While the immediate impact area is infrared imaging, the research has broader application to many industry sectors critical to the U.S. economy including solar energy, healthcare, biomedical, aerospace, and automotive. This research crosses the disciplines of manufacturing, mechanical engineering, materials science and optical science. The multi-disciplinary approach will help broaden participation of underrepresented groups in research and positively impact engineering education.Reports in the literature give numerous anecdotal examples of brittle materials that are machinable by diamond milling ("diamond millable") but are not generally considered "diamond turnable". The difference may be due to the interrupted or non-steady state nature of the cutting process. The objective of this research is to test the hypothesis that when diamond milling brittle materials, the characteristics of the surface and subsurface depends not only on the geometric parameters as in diamond turning, but also on the dynamic non-steady-state parameters such as the time-in-cut and the dynamically changing chip thickness. Researchers from UNC Charlotte and Oklahoma State University will design and construct a simplified milling experiment with the capability to isolate and measure the response of materials in different geometries ranging from those typical to milling to high-speed nano-indentation. The surface and subsurface characteristics will be measured with techniques ranging from atomic force microscopy to Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry. The effort will target infrared (IR) optics manufactured in single crystal germanium and IR-transparent glass. Research results will not only enable more productive machining of the targeted materials, but also provide a scientific basis for expanding the range of "diamond millable" brittle materials for optical and other applications.

超精密机器利用单晶金刚石工具制造尺寸精度约为人类头发直径的一小部分（大约一米的百万分之一）的透镜（光学器件）。新的超精密机器技术可以制造几乎任意形状的透镜（光学器件）：自由曲面光学器件。这种自由让镜头设计师能够以全新的方式思考。作为自由曲面光学的支持技术之一，超精密加工有望在光学革命中发挥重要作用。该技术的主要应用领域是制造用于热成像和监控、热成像和夜视系统（红外成像）的镜头。该奖项支持自由曲面红外（热）光学器件的成本效益制造所需的基础研究。虽然直接影响领域是红外成像，但该研究在对美国经济至关重要的许多行业领域有着更广泛的应用，包括太阳能、医疗保健、生物医学、航空航天和汽车。这项研究跨越了制造、机械工程、材料科学和光学科学等学科。多学科方法将有助于扩大代表性不足的群体对研究的参与，并对工程教育产生积极影响。文献报告给出了许多脆性材料的轶事例子，这些材料可以通过金刚石铣削加工（“金刚石可铣削”），但通常不被认为是“金刚石”可转动”。差异可能是由于切割过程的中断或非稳态性质造成的。本研究的目的是检验以下假设：当金刚石铣削脆性材料时，表面和次表面的特性不仅取决于金刚石车削中的几何参数，还取决于动态非稳态参数，例如切削时间和动态变化的切屑厚度。来自北卡罗来纳大学夏洛特分校和俄克拉荷马州立大学的研究人员将设计和构建一个简化的铣削实验，该实验能够隔离和测量不同几何形状的材料的响应，从典型的铣削到高速纳米压痕。表面和次表面特征将通过原子力显微镜和卢瑟福背散射光谱等技术进行测量。这项工作的目标是用单晶锗和红外透明玻璃制造的红外 (IR) 光学器件。研究成果不仅可以提高目标材料的加工效率，还可以为扩大“金刚石可铣削”脆性材料的光学和其他应用范围提供科学依据。