CNIC: US-Czech Project Development for Research on the Anatomy of Volcanic-Magmatic Systems

CNIC：美国-捷克火山岩浆系统解剖研究项目开发

• 批准号: 1423396
• 负责人: Michael Petronis
• 金额: $ 2.71万
• 依托单位: New Mexico Highlands University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1423396&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNIC; US; Czech; Project; Development

This award for Catalyzing New International Collaborations(CNIC) provides the PI, Michael Petronis, and two U.S. graduate students from New Mexico Highlands University with an opportunity to travel to the Czech Republic (CR) and initiate a collaboration with partners from the Czech Geological Survey and the Czech Academy of Sciences' Institute of Rock Structures and Mechanisms. Together the U.S.-Czech team will examine the growth of ancient volcanoes in the Jièín Volcanic Field, CR, and compare those volcanoes to ones in northern New Mexico. Their goal is to derive new paradigms for understanding the development of small volcanoes, known as cinder cones, which are the most common terrestrial volcanic feature on Earth. Through laboratory studies and field research at two or more Czech volcanic sites, the US-Czech team intends to test common models of small volcano construction that treat the magma feeder system as a simple dike or pipe-like conduit that transports magma vertically from a reservoir to the eruptive vent. Their alternative hypothesis maintains that feeder geometries beneath these apparently simple exteriors are considerably more complex. This catalytic effort is expected to establish essential ground work for follow-on cooperative research and applications to NSF-Tectonics and NSF-Petrology and Geochemistry programs with the parallel goal of involving under-represented U.S. students in futue field and laboraroty aspects of such projects, thereby contributing to the next generation of geoscientists, with early career international research experience.If successful, new preliminary data should assist with defining the evolution of the anticipated, more complex magma feeder system, specifically, one that involves multiple, time-transgressive injections beneath the cone with magma transported vertically upward and downward and laterally toward and away from the central vent conduit. The team hypothesizes that magma supply rate (e.g., pulsed versus continuous), magma pressure as well as magma composition, influence the subvolcanic construction geometries and edifice deformation. Their field methods will include primary field observations of eruption products, deposit characteristics, and structural measurements, as well as sample collection. Laboratory methods are to include thin section petrology, paleomagnetic, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility analysis, and geophysical surveys to map the subsurface structure. The new data obtained during these activities in partnership with Czech colleagues will enable preliminary assessments of magmatic flow patterns, sub-volcanic deformation (microstructures and paleomagnetism), and the subsurface structure of the volcanoes (geophysics). If the Czech Republic volcanoes yield results and data similar to that from sites previously studied by the PI, then the U.S.-Czech team maintains that this pattern of magma flow beneath small volcanoes may be established as a new norm, potentially transforming our fundamental understanding of the most abundant volcanic construct on Earth.

该促进新国际合作 (CNIC) 奖项为 PI、Michael Petronis 和新墨西哥高地大学的两名美国研究生提供了前往捷克共和国 (CR) 并与捷克地质调查局的合作伙伴开展合作的机会和捷克科学院岩石结构与机制研究所的美国-捷克团队将共同研究吉因火山田中古代火山的生长情况，并进行比较。他们的目标是通过两个或多个捷克的实验室研究和实地研究，得出新的范例来了解小型火山（称为火山灰锥）的发展，火山灰锥是地球上最常见的陆地火山特征。在火山遗址中，美国和捷克团队打算测试小型火山建筑的常见模型，将岩浆供给系统视为简单的堤坝或管道状管道，将岩浆从储层垂直输送到火山口。他们的另一种假设认为，这些看似简单的外部之下的馈线几何形状要复杂得多，预计这一催化努力将为 NSF 构造学、NSF 岩石学和地球化学项目的后续合作研究和应用奠定基础。在涉及此类项目各方面的未来领域和劳动力中代表性不足的美国学生的并行目标是，通过早期职业国际研究为下一代地球科学家做出贡献如果成功，新的初步数据将有助于确定预期的、更复杂的岩浆供给系统的演变，具体来说，该系统涉及锥体下方多次、时间侵入的注入，岩浆垂直向上、向下和横向输送该团队认为，岩浆供应速率（例如，脉冲式与连续式）、岩浆压力以及岩浆成分会影响地下火山结构的几何形状和建筑物的变形。现场方法将包括喷发产物、矿床特征和结构测量的初步现场观测，以及实验室方法包括薄片岩石学、古地磁学、磁化率各向异性分析以及绘制地下结构图的地球物理调查。在与捷克同事合作的这些活动中获得的新数据将有助于对岩浆流模式、火山下变形（微观结构和古地磁）以及火山的地下结构进行初步评估（地球物理学）如果捷克共和国火山产生的结果和数据与 PI 之前研究的地点类似，那么美国-捷克团队坚持认为，小型火山下方的这种岩浆流动模式可能会被确立为一种新的常态，有可能改变这一现象。我们对地球上最丰富的火山构造的基本了解。