Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Intersection of Place Attachment, Aspirations, and Rapidly Changing Environments on Decisions to Support Resettlement

博士论文研究：地方依恋、愿望和快速变化的环境对支持移民安置决策的影响

• 批准号: 1433978
• 负责人: Julie Silva
• 金额: $ 1.57万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1433978&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Intersection; Place

Involuntary displacement will impact almost 2.3 billion people by the end of this decade. Displacement arises from a variety of factors including economic reasons. The United States sends significant amounts of foreign direct investment to Africa, exceeding $50 billion in 2012, and while many African governments welcome foreign direct investment as a mechanism to decrease poverty, development projects often displace local residents in ways that do not enhance their economic well-being. This can lead to increased civil conflict and social unrest. Incentivizing voluntary resettlement presents one way to diminish the negative outcomes of resettlement agendas. This project will: (1) develop theoretical insight into what incentivizes human behaviors promoting voluntary resettlement; (2) design new methodologies to measure how viewpoints of post-resettlement environments influence decision-making and outcomes at the household level; and (3) improve understandings of the dynamics at work in the trade-offs individuals make between wanting to remain in one's home and taking a chance on relocating for a possibly better future. Understanding how to minimize post-resettlement dissatisfaction among poor and marginalized populations, by theorizing what incentivizes voluntary resettlement, can greatly reduce the social conflict and civil unrest associated with many resettlement programs.This study examines how decision-making about resettlement programs at the household level involves evaluations of the costs and benefits of resisting resettlement and the potential for a better life in the post-resettlement environment. The project explores the decision-making process employed by resettled households in Moatize, Mozambique, which have been displaced by rapid growth in the coal extraction industry. Three questions underpin this research: (1) What characteristics increase the likelihood a household will choose to voluntarily resettle?; (2) What criteria are important in the household's decision-making process to resist or accept resettlement?; and (3) How does the backdrop of a rapidly changing environment influence this process? This project employs a theoretical framework that analyzes the dynamic interface between aspirations about the post-resettlement site and attachment to one's previous home from the perspective of the person, the process, and the place. Qualitative data will capture the aspirational capacity and place attachment of households to compare with semi-structured survey data on the specific physical and social features of the pre- and post-resettlement sites. Using multivariate regression, ethnographic decision-tree modeling, and content analysis, this project will theorize how aspirations about one's future home and place attachment to one's previous home interact in rapidly changing environments to influence a household's willingness to voluntarily resettle. This relationship will be used to construct a place profile for policy makers to use in designing post-resettlement sites that meet household aspirations. Successful implementation of this project's policy recommendations has the capacity to significantly reduce post-resettlement unrest by anticipating and managing the conflict between place attachment and aspirations for a better future.

到本十年末，非自愿流离失所将影响近23亿人。 流离失所是由多种因素引起的，包括经济原因。 美国向非洲发送了大量的外国直接投资，2012年超过500亿美元，尽管许多非洲政府欢迎外国直接投资作为减少贫困的机制，但发展项目通常会以不会增强其经济健康的方式使当地居民取代。 这可能导致民间冲突和社会动荡增加。 激励自愿重新安置提供了一种减少安置议程的负面结果的一种方法。 该项目将：（1）对激励人类行为促进自愿安置的行为发展理论见解； （2）设计新方法，以衡量染色后环境的观点如何影响家庭一级的决策和结果； （3）提高对个人在折衷的动态的理解，而在想留在家中，并借此机会搬迁可能更美好的未来。 通过理论化激励自愿重新安置的理论，可以大大减少与许多重新安置计划相关的社会冲突和内乱，从而，本研究研究如何在家庭层面上评估抵抗生活的成本和益处。 该项目探讨了莫桑比克的Moatizize在Moatize的重新安置家庭所采用的决策过程，该过程因煤炭提取行业的快速增长而流离失所。 这项研究的基础三个问题：（1）哪些特征会增加家庭选择自愿重置的可能性？ （2）在家庭的决策过程中，哪些标准很重要？ （3）环境快速变化的背景如何影响这一过程？ 该项目采用了一个理论框架，该框架分析了关于后载体后地点的愿望与从人的角度，过程和地点的愿望之间的动态接口。 定性数据将捕获家庭的理想能力并放置家庭的依恋，以与关于候选前和后反应后地点的特定身体和社会特征的半结构化调查数据进行比较。 使用多元回归，人种学决策树建模和内容分析，该项目将理论化如何在快速变化的环境中对一个人的未来家庭和对以前的房屋的依恋，以影响家庭自愿重新安置的意愿。 这种关系将用于构建一个地方概况，以供政策制定者用于设计满足家庭愿望的候选后地点。 该项目的政策建议的成功实施有能力通过预测和管理依恋地点和愿望之间的冲突来显着减少染色后动荡。