The self-regulation of decision-relevant modes of thought

决策相关思维模式的自我调节

基本信息

批准号：
215899526
负责人：
Professor Dr. Peter M. Gollwitzer
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Sozialpsychologie und Motivation
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Units
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/215899526?language=en
关键词：
self regulation decision relevant modes

项目摘要

Dual-process theories commonly distinguish between impulsive and reflective modes of information processing. A large body of research has been concerned with the nature of these two modes of processing and their effects on judgements and decisions. In our research project, we investigate whether individuals can strategically engage in reflective (versus impulsive) information processing, and how such an engagement affects decision making. We address this issue from the perspective of the self-regulation of information processing. Specifically, we capitalize on the selfregulation strategy of if-then planning (also referred to as implementation intentions). The results from the first phase of our project provide converging evidence that individuals can indeed use ifthen plans to engage in reflective information processing. Across a variety of decision contexts, we found that planning to engage in reflective processing fostered responses that (1) took more time, (2) relied less on contextual, dispositional, and affective-motivational influences, and (3) produced a better performance in performance-based assessments of reflective processing. In the second phase of our project, we plan to augment these encouraging findings by scrutinizing the processes triggered by engaging in reflective processing. Specifically, we will pursue two main aims: First, we will investigate how planned reflection changes active information acquisition. This will be done by resorting to the MouseLab technique as an established tool for tracing information processing. Second, we will examine whether these changes in information acquisition constitute a prerequisite for reflection effects to occur. We plan to conduct a total of 8 experiments, comprising a performance-based assessment of reflective processing (i.e., Cognitive Reflection Test) as well as paradigms designed to measure social (i.e., ultimatum games) and risk preferences (i.e., gambling tasks). The proposed studies for the second phase of our project augment our current research in important ways. Beyond knowing that planning to engage in reflection actually leads to reflection (accompanied by more consistent choices and better performance), we gain insights into the underlying processes. More specifically, we will better understand how planned reflection changes active information acquisition, and the extent to which these changes are a prerequisite for reflection effects to occur. Such knowledge is crucial to further refine if-then planning and to obtain a powerful self-regulation tool for facilitating reflective processing.

双过程理论通常会区分信息处理的冲动和反射模式。大量研究一直关注这两种处理方式的性质及其对判断和决策的影响。在我们的研究项目中，我们研究个人是否可以战略性地参与反思性（与冲动性）信息处理，以及这种参与如何影响决策。我们从信息处理的自我调节的角度解决了这个问题。具体而言，我们利用了IF-Then计划的自我调节策略（也称为实施意图）。我们项目第一阶段的结果提供了融合的证据，表明个人确实可以使用计划进行反思性信息处理。在各种决策环境中，我们发现计划进行反思性处理的寄养反应，（1）花费更多的时间，（2）依靠上下文，性格和情感动机的影响较少，并且（3）产生了更好的性能在基于绩效的反射处理评估中。在我们项目的第二阶段中，我们计划通过审查通过进行反思性处理触发的过程来增强这些令人鼓舞的发现。具体来说，我们将追求两个主要目标：首先，我们将研究计划的反思如何改变主动信息获取。这将通过诉诸Mouselab技术作为追踪信息处理的既定工具来完成。其次，我们将研究信息获取的这些变化是否构成发生反射效应的先决条件。我们计划总共进行8项实验，包括基于绩效的反思性处理评估（即认知反射测试）以及旨在衡量社交（即UltimPatum Games）和风险偏好（即赌博任务）的范式。针对我们项目第二阶段的拟议研究以重要的方式增加了我们当前的研究。除了知道计划进行反思实际上会导致反思（伴随着更加一致的选择和更好的绩效），我们还可以深入了解基础过程。更具体地说，我们将更好地理解计划的反思如何改变主动信息获取，以及这些变化在多大程度上是发生反射效应的先决条件。这样的知识对于进一步完善计划和获得强大的自我调节工具以促进反思性处理至关重要。