Collaborative Research: Interaction Among Regional Identity, Social Diversity And Demographic Change

合作研究：区域认同、社会多样性和人口变化之间的相互作用

• 批准号: 1419675
• 负责人: Matthew Peeples
• 金额: $ 17.16万
• 依托单位: Archaeology Southwest
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2016-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1419675&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Interaction; Among; Regional

The goal of this research is to gain understanding of the process which leads to the development in technologically simple societies of large functioning social units. How are such groups formed and maintained? The prehistoric US Southwest is appropriate for study since the process, at different time periods, included both population increase and the melding of multiple social groups. Similar phenomena can be observed in multiple regions within the developing world today and archaeology provides a context to traces such changes over extended periods of time. The intellectual merits of this research include the development of new methods and approaches applying models of social group formation from the broader social sciences in archaeological research. Further, this research will strengthen ties between archaeology and other fields by expanding the range of political and economic contexts considered in comparative social science research on social group formation. With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Matthew Peeples, Dr. Gregson Schachner, and Paul Reed along with a team of scholars from across the U.S. will conduct archaeological field and collections research exploring the relationship between demographic change and the development of regional-scale social groups in two portions of the prehispanic U.S. Southwest (A.D. 1050-1350); the Mariana Mesa and Cebolleta Mesa regions of New Mexico. Available information from the two study areas suggests that both were occupied by diverse populations including locals with long histories in the region and immigrants from other portions of the Southwest. Using models from multiple social science fields focused on the development of social boundaries in contemporary contexts, the team will explore the role of population size and structure in promoting either the creation of homogenous social groups or the long-term maintenance of diversity. The two study areas, along with previous work in the nearby Zuni area, provide a range of demographic scales to explore this relationship through time across multiple transformations of community organization. The project team includes specialists with backgrounds covering a broad range of material classes (architecture, ceramics, stone tools, basketry, fiber perishables, etc.) which will allow for the documentation and comparison of several different kinds and scales of interaction.This research requires both new data on the nature of settlement and material culture in the focal areas as well as a compilation and evaluation of existing information. Through mapping and/or in-field analysis of 24 major sites in the focal areas, along with re-analyses of existing museum collections, the team will document the changing demographic properties of settlements and regions through time and develop an improved regional chronology and settlement history. The team will then conduct analyses to characterize patterns of interaction and evidence for group formation through time by: (1) documenting the movement of ceramics and obsidian tools through neutron activation analysis and X-ray fluorescence,(2) comparing technological similarities in a range of materials including domestic architecture, ceramics, lithics, and perishable materials, and (3) analyzing highly visible markers of group membership including painted ceramics and public architecture. One of the broader impacts of the study will be the creation of new primary data for portions of the Southwest which have seen little research since the 1960s; providing information essential for evaluating models of social change in the prehispanic Southwest. The project will also result in training and experience for graduate students in archaeology. Finally, the project will produce information and new approaches applicable to evaluating cultural affiliation as mandated by the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990.

这项研究的目的是了解这一过程，从而导致大型社会单位的技术简单社会的发展。这些群体如何形成和维护？史前美国西南航空非常适合研究，因为在不同时期的过程中，包括人口增加和多个社会群体的融合。在当今发展中国家的多个地区可以观察到类似的现象，考古学为长时间的这种变化提供了痕迹的背景。这项研究的智力优点包括开发新方法和方法，采用考古研究中更广泛的社会科学的社会群体形成模型。此外，这项研究将通过扩大社会科学研究中考虑的社会科学研究中考虑的一系列政治和经济环境来加强考古学与其他领域之间的联系。在国家科学基金会的支持下，Matthew Peeples博士，Gregson Schachner博士和Paul Reed以及来自美国各地的一组学者团队将进行考古领域和收藏研究，以探讨人口统计学变化与地区规模社会发展之间的关系美国西南前两部分的小组（公元1050 - 1350年）；新墨西哥州的Mariana Mesa和Cebolleta Mesa地区。这两个研究领域的可用信息表明，两者都被不同的人群所占据，包括该地区长期历史的当地人以及西南其他地区的移民。使用来自当代环境中社会边界发展的多个社会科学领域的模型，该团队将探讨人口规模和结构在促进同质社会群体的创建或多样性的长期维持中的作用。这两个研究领域以及附近Zuni地区的先前工作提供了一系列人口统计量表，以探索社区组织多次转变的时间。该项目团队包括具有背景的专家，涵盖了广泛的材料类（建筑，陶瓷，石材工具，篮子，纤维易腐物等），这将允许对几种不同类型和互动的文档和比较。有关重点区域中定居和物质文化性质的新数据以及现有信息的汇编和评估。通过对焦点区域的24个主要站点的映射和/或现场分析以及现有博物馆收藏的重新分析，该团队将通过时间记录定居点和地区不断变化的人口统计学特性，并开发改进的区域年表和解决方案。历史。然后，团队将进行分析，以通过以下时间来表征通过中子的相互作用模式和群体形成的证据。包括国内建筑，陶瓷，岩性和易腐烂材料的材料，以及（3）分析小组成员的高度可见标记，包括彩绘陶瓷和公共建筑。该研究的更广泛影响之一是创建西南部分的新主要数据，这些数据自1960年代以来几乎没有研究。提供有关评估西南前卫生前社会变革模型必不可少的信息。该项目还将为考古研究生提供培训和经验。最后，该项目将产生适用于评估1990年《美国原住民保护与遣返法》的文化隶属关系的信息和新方法。