DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Between-class gene flow in complex mating systems: The evolution of breeding systems in Silene vulgaris

论文研究：复杂交配系统中的类间基因流：Silene vulgaris 繁殖系统的进化

基本信息

批准号：
1407166
负责人：
Edmund Brodie
金额：
$ 1.96万
依托单位：
University of Virginia Main Campus
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-06-01 至 2017-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1407166&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DISSERTATION RESEARCH Between class gene

项目摘要

In most plants and animals, males and females differ in size, shape, or color because natural selection drives the sexes in different directions. The evolution of this dimorphism is constrained by the mixing of genes among males and females during mating known as between-class gene flow. This work investigates the effects of between-class gene flow in a plant Silene vulgaris, in which individuals are either hermaphrodite or female. In species with such complex mating systems, the rates of between-class gene flow vary among populations, allowing their effects to be more easily detected. Using genetic markers, this work will estimate the strength of natural selection in hermaphrodites and females, as well as the patterns of gene flow among hermaphrodites and females for multiple populations. These estimates will be combined with estimates of heritability to determine if between-class gene flow limits the evolution of differences between sexes.This work will test the importance of between-class gene flow as a factor affecting adaptation in natural systems. The understanding of this process will inform strategies for artificial selection of agriculturally important species such as cattle (Bos primigenius), in which males and females have different desired traits, and species with complex mating systems, such as maize (Zea mays). Finally, this work directly supports the training of a doctoral student as a researcher and mentor and provides opportunities for undergraduate students to engage in research in quantitative genetics and molecular ecology.

在大多数动植物中，男性和女性的大小，形状或颜色不同，因为自然选择将性别朝不同方向驱动。这种二态性的进化受到男性和女性在称为类基因流中的男性和雌性之间的混合。这项工作调查了植物硅氧植物的基因流量的影响，其中个体是雌雄同体或女性。在具有如此复杂的交配系统的物种中，种群间基因流的速率在人群中有所不同，从而更容易检测到它们的作用。使用遗传标记，这项工作将估计雌雄同体和雌性中自然选择的强度，以及雌雄同体和女性在多个种群中的基因流动模式。这些估计值将与遗传力的估计相结合，以确定类基因流量是否限制了性别之间差异的演变。这项工作将测试类基因流量作为影响自然系统适应的因素。对这一过程的理解将为农业重要物种（例如牛（Bos primigenius））的人为选择的策略提供信息，其中男性和女性具有不同的所需特征，以及具有复杂交配系统的物种，例如玉米（Zea Mays）。最后，这项工作直接支持博士生作为研究人员和导师的培训，并为本科生提供了从事定量遗传学和分子生态学研究的机会。