RCN: The Stream Resiliency Research Coordination Network

RCN：流弹性研究协调网络

• 批准号: 1354867
• 负责人: Jeremy Jones
• 金额: $ 49.9万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-15 至 2020-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1354867&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RCN; Stream; Resiliency; Research; Coordination

Stream and rivers are being assaulted by myriad environmental stresses, including elevated nutrient inputs, species extinctions and invasions, and loss of biodiversity. In the contiguous US, nitrogen inputs have tripled relative to levels during pre-European settlement, primarily due to synthetic fertilizer production, atmospheric deposition from the combustion of fossil fuels, and through agricultural practices. Consequently, many streams have dramatically higher nutrient concentrations than they did historically, which can lead to algal blooms, fish die-offs, and increased export of nutrients to marine ecosystems. Streams can be important for regulating nutrient exports from continents to oceans, but the functioning is, in part, mediated by biodiversity, and rates of species losses in streams are among the highest on the planet. Therefore, understanding interactions among changing nutrient inputs, and declining biodiversity are major and immediate challenges for conservation and management of freshwater ecosystems. The number of available datasets on stream nutrient concentrations, stream flow, and biodiversity has increased rapidly, but many have yet to be evaluated for temporal or spatial trends, analyzed with state of the art statistical and modeling techniques, or compared across regions. Further, many large datasets are coming online in the near future, and stream ecologists need to develop strategies to best utilize this emerging information. The goal of the Stream Resiliency Research Coordination Network is to link stream ecologists with hydrologists, statisticians, modelers, and resource managers to develop a synthetic understanding of how streams and river ecosystems will respond to chronic nutrient inputs and changing species diversity. The network will meet through a series of workshops and webinars to develop new approaches to analyzing existing and forthcoming stream nutrient and organism datasets, and conduct state of the knowledge syntheses. An initial one-day planning workshop associated with the 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences meeting will be hosted to engage the research community. Following the planning meeting, four three-day workshops will be held addressing topics focused on understanding long-term change in stream ecosystems, how ecosystem processes vary across river networks from small headwater streams to larger rivers, and the interactions among organisms in the context of changing climate, altered land-use, and loss of biodiversity. Each workshop will include one day focused on training in data analysis and modeling approaches not typically used by stream ecologists, and two days focused on data analyses and synthesis. In the last year of funding, a workshop will be hosted at the annual meeting of the Society for Freshwater Science to report back to the scientific community the activities of the network, and host a series of presentations about the state of knowledge.Key functions of the network include enabling interactions among researchers and managers, and providing opportunities for young scientists to collaborate with established scientists. The network will focus on developing novel conceptual frameworks and new analytical approaches to facilitate the synthesis of a wealth of existing datasets, as well as to provide the foundations for interpreting and guiding new research projects and sampling, and training opportunities for the next generation of scientists in the methods needed to deal with long-term datasets spanning large spatial scales. Each workshop will include training of a targeted statistical or modeling approach, provide educational opportunity for both graduate students and established researchers, and produce tangible applied products for natural resource managers and policy makers. In addition, an online graduate level seminar will be hosted focusing on stream functioning in a changing environment, providing an opportunity for students across the globe to learn about the activities and findings from the network.

溪流和河流正受到无数环境压力的攻击，包括养分投入增加、物种灭绝和入侵以及生物多样性丧失。 在美国本土，氮输入量相对于欧洲殖民前的水平增加了两倍，这主要是由于合成肥料的生产、化石燃料燃烧造成的大气沉降以及农业实践造成的。 因此，许多溪流的养分浓度比历史上高得多，这可能导致藻类大量繁殖、鱼类死亡以及向海洋生态系统的养分输出增加。 溪流对于调节从大陆到海洋的养分输出很重要，但其功能在一定程度上是由生物多样性调节的，溪流中的物种损失率是地球上最高的之一。 因此，了解不断变化的养分投入和生物多样性下降之间的相互作用是淡水生态系统保护和管理面临的主要而直接的挑战。 关于河流养分浓度、河流流量和生物多样性的可用数据集数量迅速增加，但许多数据集尚未进行时间或空间趋势评估，使用最先进的统计和建模技术进行分析，或进行跨区域比较。 此外，许多大型数据集将在不久的将来上线，流生态学家需要制定策略以最好地利用这些新兴信息。 溪流复原力研究协调网络的目标是将溪流生态学家与水文学家、统计学家、建模师和资源管理者联系起来，以综合了解溪流和河流生态系统将如何应对长期养分输入和不断变化的物种多样性。 该网络将通过一系列研讨会和网络研讨会来开发新方法来分析现有和即将推出的河流营养物和生物数据集，并进行知识综合状态。 将举办与 2014 年联合水生科学会议相关的为期一天的初步规划研讨会，以吸引研究界的参与。 规划会议之后，将举行四场为期三天的研讨会，讨论的主题重点是了解河流生态系统的长期变化、生态系统过程如何在从小的源头溪流到较大的河流的河流网络中变化，以及生物体之间的相互作用气候变化、土地利用改变和生物多样性丧失。 每个研讨会将包括一天的时间，重点培训流生态学家通常不使用的数据分析和建模方法，以及两天的时间，重点培训数据分析和综合。 在资助的最后一年，将在淡水科学学会年会上举办研讨会，向科学界汇报该网络的活动，并举办一系列有关知识状况的演讲。该网络包括促进研究人员和管理人员之间的互动，并为年轻科学家提供与知名科学家合作的机会。 该网络将专注于开发新颖的概念框架和新的分析方法，以促进大量现有数据集的综合，并为解释和指导新的研究项目和采样提供基础，并为下一代科学家提供培训机会处理跨越大空间尺度的长期数据集所需的方法。 每个研讨会都将包括有针对性的统计或建模方法的培训，为研究生和知名研究人员提供教育机会，并为自然资源管理者和政策制定者提供有形的应用产品。 此外，还将举办在线研究生水平研讨会，重点关注不断变化的环境中的流运作，为全球学生提供了解网络活动和发现的机会。