ATLAS Phase-I Upgrades

ATLAS一期升级

• 批准号: 1345157
• 负责人: John Hobbs
• 金额: $ 1140万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-15 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1345157&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ATLAS; Phase; Upgrades

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva Switzerland is the world's premier particle collider facility in operation. By recording the collisions of protons at the LHC, the ATLAS experiment studies nature at the shortest distances and highest masses ever accessible in a laboratory. In essence, it is simultaneously the world's most powerful microscope and an experiment creating conditions that existed in nature only near the time of the Big Bang. Studies there have already led to discovery of a new fundamental particle, the Higgs Boson. This discovery is of such high scientific impact that the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics was given to the people who first predicted the existence of this particle.This NSF award enables upgrades of the ATLAS experimental apparatus needed for high precision studies of Higgs Boson properties and a wide variety of searches for particles needed to explain unresolved puzzles. An example of one such puzzle is "What is the dark matter which makes up nearly 30% of the universe"? There are many other similar questions. The next three years represent a transition of the LHC physics program from a collision energy of 8 Teraelectronvolts (TeV) data-taking and operation, to extended operations and data taking at nearly double the energy, 13-14 TeV. Over a thousand scientists from the United States are involved with this scientific program on several major experiments.This award provides support for Dr. Hobbs at the State University of New York at Stony Brook and his collaborators at three U.S. universities to upgrade the ATLAS detector so that it can continue to operate efficiently at higher energies for a longer time and at a higher rate. This upgrade will enable scientists to collect data to search for new physics to explain inconsistencies in the particle theory that arise as the energy is increased and to fully understand how the Higgs boson fits into a fundamental theory of the universe. The universities supported by this award will build new instrumentation to be installed in the ATLAS detector, which is necessary in order to carry out a real-time selection and collection of data and provide a better measurement of particle energies. In addition to producing results which advance fundamental scientific knowledge, the work associated with these upgrades trains students, young researchers and technicians to carry out basic research by formulating questions and procedures to understand what is not known, and it also trains them to develop and operate complex, custom electronics systems and advanced computer algorithms needed to sustain extremely high data rates and classify large, complex data sets in fractions of a second.

位于瑞士日内瓦欧洲核子研究中心的大型强子对撞机 (LHC) 是世界上运行中的首屈一指的粒子对撞机设施。通过记录大型强子对撞机上的质子碰撞，ATLAS 实验以实验室所能达到的最短距离和最高质量来研究自然。 从本质上讲，它同时是世界上最强大的显微镜，也是一项创造仅在大爆炸时期自然界中存在的条件的实验。 那里的研究已经发现了一种新的基本粒子：希格斯玻色子。 这一发现具有如此高的科学影响力，以至于 2014 年诺贝尔物理学奖授予了第一个预测这种粒子存在的人。这项 NSF 奖项使 ATLAS 实验设备得以升级，以高精度研究希格斯玻色子特性和对解释未解决的谜题所需的粒子进行各种各样的搜索。 此类难题的一个例子是“构成宇宙近 30% 的暗物质是什么”？ 类似的问题还有很多。未来三年，LHC 物理计划将从 8 太电子伏 (TeV) 的碰撞能量数据采集和操作，过渡到近两倍能量（13-14 TeV）的扩展操作和数据采集。来自美国的一千多名科学家参与了这一科学计划的多项重大实验。该奖项为纽约州立大学石溪分校的霍布斯博士和他在美国三所大学的合作者提供支持，以升级 ATLAS 探测器，以便它可以在更高的能量下继续以更高的速度、更长时间地高效运行。这一升级将使科学家能够收集数据来寻找新的物理学，以解释随着能量增加而出现的粒子理论中的不一致之处，并充分理解希格斯玻色子如何融入宇宙的基本理论。 受该奖项支持的大学将建造安装在 ATLAS 探测器中的新仪器，这对于实时选择和收集数据并提供更好的粒子能量测量是必要的。 除了产生推进基础科学知识的成果外，与这些升级相关的工作还培训学生、年轻研究人员和技术人员通过制定问题和程序来了解未知事物来开展基础研究，并培训他们开发和操作需要复杂的定制电子系统和先进的计算机算法来维持极高的数据速率并在几分之一秒内对大型复杂的数据集进行分类。