The upper mantle structure of southern Africa using full-waveform tomography from long-period ambient noise and earthquake data

使用长周期环境噪声和地震数据的全波形断层扫描显示南部非洲的上地幔结构

• 批准号: 1349684
• 负责人: Erica Emry
• 金额: $ 8.7万
• 依托单位: Emry Erica L
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1349684&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: upper; mantle; structure; southern; Africa

Dr. Erica Emry has been awarded an NSF Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out research and to broaden participation of underrepresented minorities in the Earth Sciences while at The Pennsylvania State University and The University of Rhode Island. She will investigate the structure of the upper mantle beneath Africa using new full-wave seismic tomography techniques on ambient noise and earthquake data. She will address questions of African mantle dynamics and their impact on surface processes by creating a synoptic map of the upper mantle shear velocities throughout southern Africa, focusing on the East African Rift system (EARS) and the Archean cratons. In particular, she will focus on imaging three unresolved regions in the African mantle and answering the following questions that will help to elucidate the relationships between mantle flow, cratonic lithosphere and surface processes: 1) What is the depth and lateral extent of the Congo craton? 2) Are the East African and Ethiopian low velocity zones connected at the Turkana Depression? 3) What is the depth and lateral extent of the Afar hotspot, and are the slowest upper mantle anomalies associated with the Afar hotspot located beneath the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) or the Afar Depression? Results from this project will contribute to the larger African geology and tectonics community and current research initiatives such as the NSF GeoPRISMs Rift Initiation and Evolution (RIE) program. The finalized results of upper mantle structure beneath southern Africa will be made freely available online for use in other geophysics and earth science research (http://www.iris.edu/dms/products/emc/). As part of this proposal, Dr. Emry will expand upon the Africa Array diversity program, acting as primary instructor for the summer geophysics field course in 2014 and 2015. This course run by Penn State and the University of Witwatersrand brings undergraduate students from minority-serving institutions to Penn State and South Africa to learn geophysical field techniques and South African geology. In addition to the field course, she will continue to mentor students from the Africa Array diversity program on a monthly basis during online webinars, by introducing them to new research, and by discussing careers in the geosciences. Furthermore, during each school year, she will advise students from the Africa Array diversity program who are interested in completing a senior thesis focused on African tectonics or seismology.

Erica Emry博士被授予NSF地球科学博士后奖学金，以进行研究并扩大代表不足的少数民族在地球科学的参与，同时在宾夕法尼亚州立大学和罗德岛大学。 她将使用有关环境噪声和地震数据的新的全波地震层析成像技术研究非洲下面地幔的结构。她将通过创建整个南部非洲的上地幔剪切速度的概要地图，重点关注东非裂谷系统（EARS）和大将克拉通，来解决非洲地幔动态及其对表面过程的影响。 特别是，她将专注于成像非洲地幔中的三个未解决的区域，并回答以下问题，以帮助阐明地幔流，克拉托式岩石圈和表面过程之间的关系：1）刚果craton的深度和横向程度是多少？ 2）东非和埃塞俄比亚低速区是否在图尔卡纳抑郁症上相连？ 3）远处热点的深度和横向范围是什么，是与位于埃塞俄比亚主要裂谷（MER）或远处抑郁症的远处热点相关的最慢的上地幔异常？该项目的结果将有助于更大的非洲地质和构造社区以及当前的研究计划，例如NSF地理位置裂谷启动和进化计划（RIE）计划。 南部非洲下面的上地幔结构的最终结果将在网上免费提供，可用于其他地球物理学和地球科学研究（http://www.iris.edu/dms/dms/products/emc/）。 作为该提案的一部分，Emry博士将扩展非洲阵列多样性计划，并在2014年和2015年担任夏季地球物理野外课程的主要讲师。本课程由宾夕法尼亚州立大学和Witwatersrand University Inludenture ful in Penn State and South Incorianting到Geophysical Fieldical Field Indrical Gearlogan Geology Geology and Penn State和Witwatersrand大学。 除实地课程外，她还将通过在线网络研讨会期间每月一次指导来自非洲阵列多样性计划的学生，通过向新研究介绍新研究，并通过讨论地球科学的职业。 此外，在每个学年，她都会为来自非洲阵列多样性计划的学生提供建议，他们有兴趣完成专注于非洲构造学或地震学的高级论文。