The Three-Dimensional Flow Structure and Forces of Flapping-Wing Hovering from Experiments

扑翼悬停的三维流动结构和受力实验

• 批准号: 1336548
• 负责人: Matthew Ringuette
• 金额: $ 28.86万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1336548&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Three; Dimensional; Flow; Structure; Forces; Three; Dimensional; Flow; Structure; Forces

Ringuette, Matthew 1336548 The research objective of this proposal is to understand the unsteady, 3D flow structure produced by a flapping wing in hover, how it relates to the forces, and the effect of key parameters such as stroke amplitude. In nature, flapping wings have low aspect ratios (ARs), and due to the high angles of attack and low Reynolds numbers flow separation and roll-up into vortices occurs. Intellectual MeritWings in hover are known to generate highly 3D, interconnected vortex loops, which shed each half-stroke and create an overall downward jet-like flow to sustain the body weight. Prior experiments using animals or mechanical models, coupled with flow visualization or 2D digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV), have shed light on the loop structure, but the 3D vortex topology and its relationship to the lift force remain open topics. Computational studies focusing primarily on animal configurations provide greater detail and insight. However, there is a lack of experimental, 3-component 3D DPIV data, and the effects of parameters such as half-stroke amplitude, AR, and motion program on the flow structure are not well understood. A key question is: why do hovering animals flap with amplitudes of 3-5 chord lengths? The approach is to perform experiments using a 2-degree-of-freedom flapping-wing model with simplified wing geometries and motions. The goals are to understand the 3D vortex topology, its variation with half-stroke amplitude, AR, and velocity program, and how it relates to the forces. Of interest are changes in the vortex structure for different cases. Diagnostics include dye visualization, stereoscopic DPIV (SDPIV) for 3-component velocity fields, and force measurements.Broader Impacts:This research will provide valuable insight into the design of highly-maneuverable bio-inspired micro air vehicles (MAVs). They can collect scientific information in complex environments, e.g. urban settings, caves, and disaster sites such as collapsed buildings after an earthquake, where conventional drones cannot operate. Moreover, they could operate efficiently in swarms to track the spread of a toxic gas plume, for example. The results of the proposed research will yield a greater understanding of the unsteady vortical flow and how kinematics and AR affect maximum lift, yielding design strategies for flapping-wing MAVs. The educational and outreach component, which focuses on engaging and mentoring students at many levels through hands-on research in bio-inspired propulsion, will motivate them to pursue higher education and careers in STEM. This addresses the need for a national workforce of exceptional scientists and engineers.

马太福音1336548该提案的研究目标是了解悬停在悬停的翼翼产生的不稳定的3D流动结构，与力之间的关系以及诸如中风振幅之类的关键参数的效果。在自然界中，拍打翅膀的纵横比（ARS）较低，并且由于攻击的高角度和较低的雷诺数量流动分离，并卷入涡流。众所周知，悬停的智力绩效会产生高度3D，互连的涡旋回路，从而散发出每半程，并创造出整体向下喷射的流动以维持体重。先前使用动物或机械模型的实验，再加上流动可视化或2D数字粒子图像速度法（DPIV），可以阐明回路结构，但是3D涡流拓扑及其与升力力的关系仍然是开放的主题。主要关注动物配置的计算研究提供了更大的细节和洞察力。但是，缺乏实验性的3组分3D DPIV数据，并且尚不清楚诸如半笔幅度，AR和运动程序等参数的影响。一个关键的问题是：为什么悬停动物的振幅为3-5弦长度？该方法是使用具有简化的机翼几何形状和运动的2度自由拍打模型进行实验。目标是了解3D Vortex拓扑，其与半冲程振幅，AR和速度程序的变化以及其与力之间的关系。感兴趣的是不同情况下涡流结构的变化。诊断包括染料可视化，用于3型速度场的立体DPIV（SDPIV）和力测量。BRODER的影响：这项研究将为高度可提供的生物启发的微型机动车（MAVS）提供宝贵的见解。他们可以在复杂环境中收集科学信息，例如地震发生后，常规无人机无法运作的城市环境，洞穴和灾难网站，例如倒塌的建筑物。此外，它们可以在群中有效运​​行，以跟踪有毒气体的扩散。拟议研究的结果将对不稳定的涡度流以及运动学和AR如何影响最大提升，从而产生吹翼MAV的设计策略。通过在生物启发的推进方面的动手研究，侧重于在许多层面上吸引和指导学生的教育和外展部分将激励他们从事STEM的高等教育和职业。这解决了需要卓越科学家和工程师的国家劳动力。