Collaborative Proposal: Fundamental Research on Physics of Instability of Organic Solar Cells

合作提案：有机太阳能电池不稳定性物理基础研究

• 批准号: 1336134
• 负责人: Vikram Dalal
• 金额: $ 33.01万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1336134&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Fundamental; Research; Physics

PI: Dalal, Vikram / Schiff, EricProposal Number: 1336134 / 1336147Institution: Iowa State University / Syracuse UniversityTitle: Collaborative Proposal: Fundamental Research on Physics of Instability of Organic Solar CellsThis project will to systematically study, identify, and potentially overcome the various physical phenomena in both materials and in devices that lead to degradation of organic solar cells when subjected to light. Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices are an increasingly important photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion technology. Recent advances in efficiency to ~12% range in both single and tandem junction OPV solar cells are very encouraging for eventual commercial deployment. However, the devices are known to degrade rapidly when exposed to light, losing 20-30% of the initial efficiency within ~100 hours of illumination, even when encapsulated or kept in inert atmospheres. A major market for this technology is building-integrated products, since in principle, the OPV devices can be laminated onto existing window frames. For such commercial deployment, it is essential that the degradation be reduced significantly, to 10% range over the lifetime of the product, which is typically ~20 years for building products. Similarly, another major market segment, providing power for rural populations in developing countries, also requires relatively long life, even though they do not require the same power conversion efficiency as grid-connected central power in the U.S. This project will systematically investigate the changes in fundamental physical parameters such as optical absorption, hole mobility, deep state densities in both the absorber materials and at the hetero-junction interface when OPV materials and devices are subjected to illumination. The PIs will study the evolution of defects using both electrical measurements such as capacitance-frequency at different temperatures, and structural measurements such as spin resonance. PIs will study the kinetics of defect evolution over time under varying intensities of light so as to establish kinetic laws that govern defect evolution. Then, the PIs will systematically explore the thermal annealing of these defects over time, thereby finding out activation energies for annealing. The PIs will correlate these kinetics and annealing energies to the structure, morphology and composition of the organic materials, and the specific technology used for fabricating the devices. A number of different materials such as P3HT and PCDTBT will be studied and the relationship between the various kinetic parameters to the nature of the bonding in the materials will be established. We will use these results to design and fabricate better polymers which are likely to be more stable while maintaining power conversion efficiency. The broader impact consists of the industrial impact of the work, and in educating both graduate and undergraduate students in the field of OPV devices and materials in particular, and solar energy conversion devices in general. Significant attention will be paid to transfer the research results into education by including new lab sections in existing courses. Both women and under-represented minority group students are expected to play a significant role in the research. The results of the research will be broadly disseminated to scientists and engineers through publications, and by offering webinars through IEEE. Dissemination to the general public will be done by giving talks both in the U.S. and overseas.

PI：Dalal，Vikram / Schiff，EricPropossose编号：1336134 /1336147固定体：爱荷华州立大学 /锡拉丘兹大学TimessionTitle：协作建议：合作：基本研究有机太阳能细胞不稳定性物理学的基础研究，这是有机太阳能研究的各种物理现象，并确定物理现象，并识别，并识别，并识别，并识别，并识别，并识别和潜在的物理现象。在材料和设备中，在受到光线时会导致有机太阳能电池降解。 有机光伏（OPV）设备是越来越重要的光伏（PV）能量转换技术。在单一和串联OPV太阳能电池中，效率的最新效率提高到〜12％的范围，对于最终的商业部署都非常令人鼓舞。但是，已知这些设备在暴露于光线时会迅速降解，即使在照明后约100小时内损失了20-30％的初始效率，即使在封装或保持惰性大气中也失去了初始效率。该技术的主要市场是建筑集成产品，因为原则上，可以将OPV设备层压到现有的窗框上。对于这样的商业部署，必须将降解显着降低至10％的范围，在产品的一生中，建筑产品通常约20年。同样，另一个主要的市场领域为发展中国家的农村人口提供权力，也需要相对较长的寿命，即使它们不需要与美国与网格连接的中央力量相同的功率转换效率，该项目将系统地研究当OPV材料和设备受到照明时，诸如吸收材料材料的光学吸收，孔迁移率，深度密度以及异质结界面的基本物理参数。 PI将使用两种电测量值（例如不同温度下的电容 - 频率）以及结构测量（例如自旋共振）来研究缺陷的演变。 PI将在各种光强度下研究缺陷演变的动力学，以建立控制缺陷进化的动力学定律。然后，PIS将随着时间的推移系统地探索这些缺陷的热退火，从而找出用于退火的激活能。 PI将这些动力学和退火能量与有机材料的结构，形态和组成以及用于制造设备的特定技术相关联。将研究许多不同的材料，例如P3HT和PCDTBT，并将建立各种动力学参数与材料中键合的性质之间的关系。我们将使用这些结果来设计和制造更好的聚合物，这些聚合物在保持功率转换效率的同时可能更稳定。更广泛的影响包括工作的工业影响，并在OPV设备和材料领域教育研究生和本科生，以及一般太阳能转换设备。通过在现有课程中包括新的实验室部分，将大大关注研究结果将其转移到教育中。预计妇女和代表性不足的少数群体学生都将在这项研究中发挥重要作用。该研究的结果将通过出版物以及通过IEEE提供网络研讨会大致传播给科学家和工程师。向公众传播将通过在美国和海外进行谈判来完成。