SBIR Phase II: Synergistic Combinations of New Materials & Systems for Scalable Desulfurization of Distributed Biogas Resources

SBIR第二阶段：新材料的协同组合

• 批准号: 1330968
• 负责人: Hongyun Yang
• 金额: $ 74.9万
• 依托单位: IntraMicron Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1330968&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; Synergistic; Combinations

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase II project proposes a fundamentally new means for biogas/landfill gas desulfurization that produces negligible waste, allows for sulfur recovery/recycling, and provides annualized operating costs that are fraction of current practice. The proposed process consists of two synergistic components: a novel oxidative sulfur removal (OSR) catalytic reactor that produces elemental sulfur and a polishing adsorbent bed equipped with a unique in-situ bed-life sensor (BLS) that permits optimal adsorbent bed operation and cycling. The OSR catalyst has high contaminant tolerance, high selectivity to elemental sulfur, high activity, and low cost. After the OSR reaction and sulfur condensation, the outlet hydrogen sulfide concentration can be reduced to below 5 ppm at a conversion above 90%. If a polishing adsorbent bed is needed to achieve lower sulfur levels, it will be outfitted with an in-situ BLS that provides real-time adsorbent capacity monitoring to maximize adsorbent utilization. This approach is particularly effective for biogas/landfill gas streams with severe sulfur concentration variations; it reduces annualized operating costs by 50% to 65%, while reducing both solid waste generation (adsorbent consumption) and footprint by a factor of 10 - 30.The Broader impact/commercial potential of this project, if successful, will drastically change the landscape of biogas/landfill gas utilization by improving desulfurization economics and reducing desulfurization solid waste generation. The low-cost, environmentally benign nature of this process will not only improve the desulfurization efficiency of typical biogas sources, but it will facilitate the development of small-scale and/or high-sulfur-content biogas/landfill gas sources for renewable fuel and energy applications. Moreover, the proposed approach can eliminate large sulfur adsorbent beds for almost all current biogas/landfill gas applications with high outlet sulfur thresholds (i.e. direct heating, power generation and combined heat and power), and shrink the size of desulfurization units for advanced applications with low outlet sulfur thresholds (i.e. fuel cells and GTL). Its small footprint and scalability make this technology favorable for mobile, small-scale applications. Besides biogas/landfill gas, other gas streams including natural gas, associated gas, petroleum gas, and syngas from a variety of sources can be desulfurized using this process. BTL, CTL, GTL, and renewable electric power generation will benefit from the success of this innovation. The proposed innovation directly addresses the energy independence and security of our nation (EISA 2007).

这个小企业创新研究第二阶段项目提出了一种全新的沼气/垃圾填埋气脱硫方法，产生的废物可以忽略不计，允许硫回收/再循环，并提供仅是当前实践的一小部分的年化运营成本。拟议的工艺由两个协同组件组成：一种新型氧化脱硫（OSR）催化反应器，可产生元素硫；以及一个抛光吸附剂床，配备独特的原位床寿命传感器（BLS），可实现最佳吸附剂床操作和循环。 OSR催化剂具有高污染物耐受性、对元素硫的高选择性、高活性和低成本。 经过OSR反应和硫磺冷凝后，出口硫化氢浓度可降至5 ppm以下，转化率高于90%。如果需要精制吸附剂床来实现较低的硫含量，它将配备原位 BLS，提供实时吸附剂容量监控，以最大限度地提高吸附剂利用率。这种方法对于硫浓度变化剧烈的沼气/垃圾填埋气流特别有效；它可将年运营成本降低 50% 至 65%，同时将固体废物产生（吸附剂消耗）和足迹减少 10 - 30 倍。该项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力如果成功，将彻底改变景观通过提高脱硫经济性和减少脱硫固体废物的产生来提高沼气/垃圾填埋气的利用。该工艺的低成本、环境友好特性不仅将提高典型沼气源的脱硫效率，而且将促进小规模和/或高硫含量沼气/垃圾填埋气源的开发，用于可再生燃料和能源应用。此外，所提出的方法可以消除几乎所有当前沼气/垃圾填埋气应用中具有高出口硫阈值（即直接加热、发电和热电联产）的大型硫吸附床，并缩小先进应用的脱硫装置的尺寸低出口硫阈值（即燃料电池和 GTL）。该技术占用空间小，可扩展性强，非常适合移动、小型应用。除了沼气/垃圾填埋气之外，其他气流，包括天然气、伴生气、石油气和各种来源的合成气，都可以使用此工艺进行脱硫。 BTL、CTL、GTL 和可再生能源发电将受益于这一创新的成功。拟议的创新直接解决了我们国家的能源独立和安全问题（EISA 2007）。