CNH: Socio-Ecosystem Dynamics of Human-Natural Networks on Model Islands

CNH：模型岛屿上人类自然网络的社会生态系统动力学

• 批准号: 1313830
• 负责人: Neo Martinez
• 金额: $ 130万
• 依托单位: Santa Fe Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1313830&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH; Socio; Ecosystem; Dynamics; Human; CNH; Socio; Ecosystem; Dynamics; Human

This project will improve our understanding of coupled natural-human systems and advance the frontiers of natural and social sciences, integrating them through a focus on model systems comprising four well-studied islands before and after a millennium of human occupation. The project team will develop and test conceptual and quantitative theory that emphasizes feedbacks between humans and the complex ecological systems that support them. The project applies archaeological and paleo-ecological methods to increase understanding of the relationships between initial conditions and subsequent developmental trajectories in the four study socio-ecosystems. This understanding will be used to develop and constrain computational models which will be used to test theories regarding long-term human-ecology feedbacks. The project seeks in particular to integrate the dual roles of humans as subsistence consumers of resources and as market-driven exploiters of resources. The understanding and integrated models will be used to explore the sustainability of people's extraction of biomass (e.g., fish, fiber, fuel, and timber) from complex ecosystems in the context of ecosystem services and environmental change. This work includes three activities: 1) Build a comprehensive network theory of dynamic coupled natural-human systems including their robustness and resilience to external and internal change; 2) apply the theory to, and test it against, the introduction, persistence, and dynamics of Polynesians on four Pacific Islands; and 3) explore how the development and application of the theory might support further advances in our understanding of diversity and complexity and their interactions with ecosystem management.This project will help us to understand how and why humans succeed or fail to live sustainably within their environment. The research examines four French Polynesian islands where humans arrived about one thousand years ago and lived sustainably on some islands but not on others. Historical and current data will be used to help develop a clearer picture of the social and ecological changes that have taken place since the islands were first occupied. The project team will build and test sophisticated computer models of humans interacting with wild and managed ecosystems. The data and models will help more fully describe and explain fundamental properties such as the resources required by human populations and the ability of ecosystems to provide food and shelter for humans over hundreds of years. They will also highlight interactions between ecosystem services and the human use and exploitation of the islands' resources. Such knowledge is critical to understanding the role of humans with respect to ecosystems and environments well beyond these islands. The project will provide fundamental knowledge about how humans can interact more sustainably and beneficially with a wide variety of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. This work will also demonstrate how environmental and social sciences such as ecology, hydrology, oceanography, archaeology, demography and economics can be integrated to push forward the frontiers of interdisciplinary science. Such advances are vital for addressing critical problems at the intersection of social and natural sciences including resource overconsumption, climate disruption and the collapse of civilizations.

该项目将提高我们对耦合的天然人类系统的理解，并促进自然科学和社会科学的前沿，并通过重点关注千年人类职业之前和之后的四个经过深入研究的岛屿的模型系统来整合它们。项目团队将开发和检验概念和定量理论，该理论强调人类与支持它们的复杂生态系统之间的反馈。该项目采用考古和古生态方法来增加对四个研究社会生态系统中初始条件与后续发展轨迹之间关系的理解。这种理解将用于开发和限制计算模型，该模型将用于测试有关长期人类生态反馈的理论。该项目特别寻求将人类作为资源的生存和市场驱动的资源剥削者的双重作用。在生态系统服务和环境变化的背景下，理解和综合模型将用于探索人们从复杂生态系统中提取生物质（例如鱼，纤维，燃料和木材）的可持续性。这项工作包括三个活动：1）建立动态耦合自然人类系统的全面网络理论，包括它们对外部和内部变化的鲁棒性和韧性； 2）将理论应用于波利尼西亚人在四个太平洋岛屿上的引言，持久性和动态； 3）探讨该理论的发展和应用如何支持我们对多样性和复杂性的理解及其与生态系统管理的相互作用的进一步进步。该项目将帮助我们了解人类如何以及为什么在其环境中可持续生活的方式以及为什么无法可持续地生活。该研究研究了四个法国波利尼西亚群岛，大约一千年前人类到达，在某些岛屿上可持续地生活，但在其他岛屿上却没有。历史和当前数据将用于帮助更清楚地了解自岛屿首次被占领以来发生的社会和生态变化。项目团队将建立和测试与野生和托管生态系统互动的人类的复杂计算机模型。数据和模型将有助于更充分地描述和解​​释基本属性，例如人类所需的资源以及生态系统为人类提供食物和庇护所的能力，数百年。他们还将强调生态系统服务与人类使用和对岛屿资源的利用之间的互动。这种知识对于了解人类在这些岛屿以外的生态系统和环境方面的作用至关重要。该项目将提供有关人类如何与各种陆地和水生生态系统更可持续和有益地相互作用的基本知识。这项工作还将证明如何将环境和社会科学（例如生态学，水文学，海洋学，考古学，人口统计学和经济学）融合在一起，以推动跨学科科学的前沿。这种进步对于在社会和自然科学的交汇处解决关键问题至关重要，包括资源过度消费，气候破坏和文明的崩溃。