Collaborative Research: RAPID: Impact of disturbance from hurricane Sandy on methane emission and carbon sequestration rates in NJ coastal wetlands

合作研究：RAPID：桑迪飓风扰动对新泽西州沿海湿地甲烷排放和碳封存率的影响

• 批准号: 1311796
• 负责人: Peter Jaffe
• 金额: $ 4万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-01 至 2013-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1311796&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RAPID; Impact; disturbance

1311713 (Schafer), 1311796 (Jaffe), and 1311547 (Bohrer). This RAPID will evaluate the consequences on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes of ?superstorm? Sandy in a temperate urban coastal wetland in New Jersey. Ongoing experiments have already been providing baseline data for more than a year of intensive measurements of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes with the eddy covariance technique, methane fluxes with the chamber technique and below ground porewater measurements. With this baseline data, it is possible to characterize the impact Sandy had and will continue to have on the processes governing methane release and carbon dioxide emission and uptake. Advanced remote sensing analysis will be conducted to map the storm disturbance to wetland vegetation at very high resolution, and additional chamber measurements will target locations where specific types of disturbances occurred (uprooting, wind damage, flood-sediment cover). The production, emission and uptake of methane and CO2 from the wetland as a whole will be determined using eddy-covariance measurements, and the relative rates of carbon and methane cycling in specific microsites will be quantified, along a gradient of disturbance and among different vegetation types, including native and invasive vegetation. The effects of the storm, in terms of greenhouse gas budget of the wetland and its microsites from a few days to a year following the storm, will be determined. Regular monitoring of eddy flux, chamber measurements and porewater will continue longer than a year as part of an on-going CBET/ENG/NSF project. This study will provide the first report of the greenhouse gas response (including methane) of a coastal wetland to the effects of a large storm. The insight from this study could further inform the scientific and land-management communities about the role of wetlands, and the vulnerability of their ecosystem service, in terms of GHG, to storms and future climate that may include stronger and more frequent storm events. Results will be communicated to the many visitors at the Meadowlands Environmental Research Institute (MERI) that offers a wide range of workshops and educational activities for high school students in the area and hosts research symposia with scholars from the New Jersey and New York area. Sharing the insights of this research will also be made available to the Meadowlands Commission, which is the policy arm of MERI and thus may have management implications.

1311713（Schafer），1311796（Jaffe）和1311547（Bohrer）。 这种迅速会评估超级风暴的温室气（GHG）通量的后果吗？桑迪在新泽西州温带城市沿海湿地。正在进行的实验已经提供了一年多的基线数据，以超过一年的二氧化碳和甲烷通量，并使用涡流协方差技术，带有室内技术的甲烷通量以及地面孔隙水测量值的甲烷通量。有了此基线数据，可以表征桑迪的影响，并将继续对甲烷释放和二氧化碳排放和吸收的过程产生。将进行先进的遥感分析，以非常高分辨率将风暴干扰绘制为湿地植被，并将其他室测量目标针对发生特定类型的干扰（拔起，风损伤，洪水掩盖）的位置。 从湿地中甲烷和二氧化碳的产生，排放和摄取将使用涡流的测量结果确定，并且将沿特定微粒的碳和甲烷循环的相对速率沿干扰梯度以及不同植被类型（包括天然和侵入性植被）中的梯度进行定量。就湿地的温室气体预算及其微座从几天到一年后，风暴的影响将确定。作为正在进行的CBET/ENG/NSF项目的一部分，对涡流，室内测量和孔隙水的定期监测将持续一年以上。这项研究将为沿海湿地的温室气体反应（包括甲烷）提供大风暴的影响。这项研究的见解可以进一步为科学和土地管理社区提供有关湿地的作用，以及其生态系统服务的脆弱性以及温室气体的脆弱性，这些风暴和未来的气候可能包括更强大，更频繁的风暴事件。结果将与Meadowlands环境研究所（MERI）的许多访客传达，该研究所为该地区的高中生提供各种讲习班和教育活动，并与来自新泽西州和纽约地区的学者主持研究研讨会。分享这项研究的见解也将提供给Meadowlands委员会，该委员会是Meri的政策部门，因此可能具有管理层的影响。