Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Hybrid Objects and Intercultural Assemblages in Colonial Louisiana

博士论文改进补助金：路易斯安那殖民地的混合物体和跨文化组合

• 批准号: 1309751
• 负责人: Shannon Dawdy
• 金额: $ 2.2万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1309751&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Hybrid

Under the guidance of Dr. Shannon Lee Dawdy, Ms. Lauren Zych will analyze handmade ceramics collected from colonial sites in Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. During the eighteenth century these sites were part of the Louisiana colony, which encompassed the Mississippi river and its tributaries from Canada south to the Gulf of Mexico. Claimed for the French crown in 1682, the colony was eventually divided between England and Spain, and subsequently acquired by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. The ceramics under investigation are important because, unlike the majority of ceramics from colonial sites, they are coarse and handmade rather than mass-produced. They are also associated with two groups of people - Native Americans and enslaved Africans - whose experiences and perspectives are severely underrepresented, if not completely absent, from historic accounts of the colonial era. Because these ceramics were recovered from colonial contexts, rather than Indian villages or slave cabins, they reveal complex and multi-faceted relationships between Native Americans, Africans, and European colonists that deserve further investigation. Ms. Zych's research will combine archaeological evidence with data from historic and ethnohistoric records in order to explore the nature and extent of intercultural relations during the colonial period. The European colonization of the Americas had dramatic, and often unforeseen, consequences for indigenous tribes, as well as for thousands of African people forcibly enslaved and transported across the Atlantic. The broad strokes of their stories may be familiar - physical and cultural dislocation, enslavement, extreme poverty, starvation, and death - but scholars agree that this singular vision, glosses over considerable variation in the African and Indian experience of colonization. This project will use material culture, primarily in the form of handmade ceramics, to shed new light on group interaction in colonial Louisiana during the eighteenth century. Using a combination of traditional and experimental archaeological techniques, this project will analyze the production, consumption, meaning and use of handmade ceramics in colonial contexts. Descriptive, typological, and comparative analysis will reveal the social, material and political contexts most often associated with handmade ceramics. Advanced forms of chemical analysis, including neutron activation analysis (NAA) and laser ablated-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), will be used to identify the geographic origins of non-local vessels. Combined with insights gleaned from critical use of historic documents, these analyses will reveal the complex nature of the relations between colonists, Native Americans, and African people in a century characterized by radical transformations in both lifeways and political regimes. This research is broadly conceived and designed to hold significance for multiple audiences. It will highlight the social, cultural and historical contributions of peoples whose role in the formation of America is poorly understood and frequently undervalued. To insure that this research makes an impact outside the discipline, the results will be presented to both academic and general audiences through a combination of public lectures, professional presentations, and peer-reviewed publications. The completed dissertation will be available through a subscription-based database, while raw data generated through this research will be available online in an open forum expressly designed for data-sharing.

在Shannon Lee Dawdy博士的指导下，Lauren Zych女士将分析从阿拉巴马州，密西西比州和路易斯安那州殖民地收集的手工陶瓷。在18世纪，这些地点是路易斯安那州殖民地的一部分，该殖民地包括密西西比河及其从加拿大南部到墨西哥湾的支流。该殖民地于1682年获得法国王冠的声称，最终在英格兰和西班牙之间分配，随后在路易斯安那州购买1803年的美食中被美国收购。所研究的陶瓷很重要，因为与殖民地的大多数陶瓷不同，它们是粗糙的和手工制作的，而不是大量制作。他们还与两组人（美洲原住民和被奴役的非洲人）相关联 - 从殖民时代的历史记录中，他们的经历和观点严重不足，即使不是完全不存在。由于这些陶瓷是从殖民地的环境中而不是印度村庄或奴隶小屋中回收的，因此它们揭示了应进行进一步调查的美洲原住民，非洲人和欧洲殖民者之间复杂而多方面的关系。 Zych女士的研究将将考古证据与历史和民族历史记录的数据相结合，以探讨殖民时期跨文化关系的性质和程度。 美洲的欧洲殖民化对土著部落以及成千上万的非洲人被强行奴役和运输在大西洋上的殖民地造成了戏剧性，往往是不可预见的。他们的故事的广泛诉讼可能是熟悉的 - 身体和文化的脱位，奴役，极端的贫困，饥饿和死亡 - 但学者同意，这种奇异的愿景，对非洲和印度殖民经历的巨大差异造成了光泽。该项目将主要以手工陶瓷的形式使用物质文化，以对十八世纪殖民地路易斯安那州殖民地的群体互动进行新的启示。该项目结合了传统和实验性考古技术，将分析在殖民地背景下手工陶瓷的生产，消费，含义和使用。描述性，类型学和比较分析将揭示最常与手工陶瓷相关的社会，物质和政治背景。化学分析的晚期形式，包括中子激活分析（NAA）和激光烧蚀性诱导耦合的等离子体质量光谱法（LA-ICP-MS），将用于识别非局部血管的地理起源。结合从批判性使用历史文档所获得的见解，这些分析将揭示殖民者，美洲原住民和非洲人民之间关系的复杂性，其特征是生命之道和政治政权的根本性转变。这项研究是广泛构思和设计的，旨在对多个受众具有重要意义。它将强调人们在美国形成中的作用的人民的社会，文化和历史贡献，并经常被低估。为了确保这项研究在学科之外产生影响，结果将通过公开讲座，专业演讲和经过同行评审的出版物的结合向学术和一般受众介绍。完整的论文将通过基于订阅的数据库获得，而通过本研究生成的原始数据将在一个开放的论坛中在线提供，以明确设计用于数据共享。