Collaborative Research: Chemical Synthesis with Periodic Mesostructures at High Pressure

合作研究：高压下周期性介观结构的化学合成

• 批准号: 1305839
• 负责人: Yingwei Fei
• 金额: $ 8.34万
• 依托单位: Carnegie Institution of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1305839&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Chemical; Synthesis; Periodic

TECHNICAL SUMMARYThe proposed research, funded by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program, is aimed at synthesizing mesostructures of diamond at high pressure using periodic mesostructured carbons produced by soft self-assembly with surfactant templates. For the synthesis, the carbons will be infiltrated by polycarbosilanes until the pore space is filled. Heat-treatment of the so-infiltrated carbons will produce periodic mesostructured silicon carbide/carbon composite materials. Subsequently, these composites will be treated at high pressure and temperature to transform the carbon phase into periodic mesostructures of diamond. The synthesis will be performed in multi-anvil assemblies which allow for pressures of up to 27 GPa and temperatures above 2000°C. The produced mesostructured silicon carbide/diamond composites will be structurally characterized and tested for their mechanical properties. By selective removal of the silicon carbide phase from the SiC/diamond composites mesoporous forms of diamond will be produced. In addition, we will explore the mechanisms and kinetics of the phase transitions within mesostructures at high pressure by in-situ Raman, SAXS, and IR spectroscopic experiments. The in-situ experiments will be done in diamond anvil cells. It is expected that the realization of these aims will create seminal knowledge across the different fields of high-pressure science and periodic mesostructures, and produce potentially useful new materials. NON TECHNICAL SUMMARYMesoporous materials belong to the most important classes of materials due to their wide structural diversity and broad range of applications including catalysis, separation, microelectronics, and drug-delivery. Pressure and temperatures are the two major thermodynamic variables in synthesis. The emphasis of this work is to explore the role of high pressure in synthesis to produce mesostructures of diamond and investigate the mechanisms of phase transformations at high-pressure inside a mesostructure. Thereby, the project will advance the understanding of the chemical high-pressure behavior of periodic mesostructures and make a broad impact on synthetic high-pressure chemistry which is currently an underrepresented field. Diamond is the arguably the most technologically important high-pressure phase. Mesostructured composites of diamond, which are the expected products in this research, could find applications as ultrahard materials. Diamond is known as biocompatible material and thus mesoporous forms of diamond could have potential in drug-delivery. Commercially relevant outcomes of the work will be communicated to industry via the Lehigh Nanotechnology Network and Lehigh?s Industrial Liaison Program. Leading companies for the production of diamond materials will be involved in materials testing, which will catalyze technology transfer. The project will be done in collaboration between a degree-granting University (Lehigh University) and a non-degree granting research institution (Carnegie Institution of Washington) thereby building a close tie between these institutions. The involved students and post-docs will learn an unusual combination of synthetic (synthesis of mesostructured materials, high pressure syntheses) and analytical techniques (electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, gas sorption etc.). Results from the work will be integrated into "Advanced Inorganic Chemistry", and "Solid State Chemistry" courses.

技术总结由固态和材料化学计划资助的拟议研究旨在使用由软模型和基础模板的软体组装产生的定期介质结构碳在高压下在高压下合成钻石的介质结构。对于合成，碳将被聚碳硅浸入，直到填充孔隙为止。 So浸润的碳的热处理将产生周期性的介质结构碳化硅/碳复合材料。随后，这些复合材料将在高压和温度下进行处理，以将碳相转化为钻石的周期性介质结构。该合成将在多型分析组件中进行，该组件允许高达27 GPA的压力和2000°C以上的温度。生产的介质碳化硅/钻石复合材料将在结构上表征并测试其机械性能。通过选择性去除碳化硅相从SIC/Diamond组成的介孔形式的钻石形式。此外，我们将探索由原位拉曼，萨克斯和红外光谱实验在高压下介孔结构内的相变的机理和动力学。原位实验将在钻石砧细胞中进行。可以预期，这些目标的实现将在高压科学和周期性介质结构上创造第二个知识，并产生潜在的有用的新材料。非技术摘要材料属于最重要的材料类别，因为它们的结构多样性和广泛的应用包括催化，分离，微电子和药物交付。压力和温度是合成中的两个主要热力学变量。这项工作的重点是探索高压在合成中产生钻石介质结构的作用，并研究介质结构内高压时相变的机理。因此，该项目将提高对周期性介质结构的化学高压行为的理解，并对当前代表性不足的合成高压化学产生广泛的影响。钻石可以说是技术上最重要的高压阶段。钻石的介质结构组成是这项研究中的预期产品，可以将应用当作超容材材料。钻石被称为生物相容性材料，因此介孔形式的钻石可能具有药物传递的潜力。这项工作的商业相关结果将通过Lehigh纳米技术网络和Lehigh的工业联络计划传达给行业。生产钻石材料的领先公司将参与材料测试，这将催化技术转移。该项目将通过学位授予大学（Lehigh University）与非学位授予研究机构（华盛顿卡内基机构）之间的合作进行，从而在这些机构之间建立了紧密的联系。所涉及的学生和培训后将学习合成（介质材料的合成，高压合成）和分析技术（电子显微镜，X射线衍射，气体吸附等）的异常组合。该工作的结果将集成到“先进的无机化学”和“固态化学”课程中。