Chemical Pathways for Controlling Polymorphism in Nanoscale Metal Chalcogenides

控制纳米级金属硫属化物多晶型的化学途径

• 批准号: 1305564
• 负责人: Raymond Schaak
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1305564&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemical; Pathways; Controlling; Polymorphism; Nanoscale

This award by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry (SSMC) program supports work by Professor Raymond Schaak at the Pennsylvania State University to identify and understand the chemical factors that lead to the formation of nanoparticulate non-equilibrium phases of transition metal sulfides and selenides, including ZnS, ZnSe, and several sulfides and selenides of Co, Ni, and Mn. The targeted materials exhibit a variety of interesting and useful electronic, magnetic, and optical properties, and their crystal structures directly impact their properties. This research builds on emerging capabilities for synthesizing non-equilibrium phases using chemical routes that form nanoparticulate solids in solution from soluble precursors. Such discoveries are usually serendipitous, involving a large number of variables and complex in-situ chemistry. In this project, Prof. Schaak's group investigates the reaction pathways by which these new solids form to reveal important insights that can help lead to a predictive framework for selectively targeting desired non-equilibrium phases based on fundamental chemical principles.The crystal structure that an extended solid adopts plays a key role in defining its properties. At the same time, the techniques and conditions used to synthesize a solid can help to influence the crystal structure that it forms. This project seeks to identify and understand the chemical factors that selectively lead to the formation of one crystal structure instead of others in a system where multiple structures may be accessible. These insights will help researchers to more predictably synthesize desired materials with targeted properties. This project provides multi-disciplinary training to a diverse group of graduate and undergraduate students. Emphasis is placed on integrating teams of undergraduate researchers directly into the technical goals of the project through specially designed undergraduate research projects.

该奖项由固态与材料化学 (SSMC) 项目颁发，支持宾夕法尼亚州立大学 Raymond Schaak 教授的工作，以识别和理解导致过渡金属硫化物和硒化物纳米颗粒非平衡相形成的化学因素，包括ZnS、ZnSe 以及 Co、Ni 和 Mn 的几种硫化物和硒化物。 目标材料表现出各种有趣且有用的电子、磁性和光学特性，其晶体结构直接影响其特性。 这项研究建立在利用化学途径合成非平衡相的新兴能力的基础上，这些化学途径从可溶性前体在溶液中形成纳米颗粒固体。 此类发现通常是偶然的，涉及大量变量和复杂的原位化学。 在这个项目中，Schaak 教授的团队研究了这些新固体形成的反应途径，以揭示重要的见解，有助于形成一个预测框架，用于根据基本化学原理选择性地靶向所需的非平衡相。固体采用在定义其属性方面起着关键作用。 同时，用于合成固体的技术和条件可以帮助影响其形成的晶体结构。 该项目旨在识别和理解在可能存在多种结构的系统中选择性地导致形成一种晶体结构而不是其他晶体结构的化学因素。 这些见解将帮助研究人员更可预测地合成具有目标特性的所需材料。 该项目为不同群体的研究生和本科生提供多学科培训。 重点是通过专门设计的本科研究项目，将本科研究人员团队直接整合到项目的技术目标中。