Climate Feedbacks in the Antarctic from Stratospheric Balloon GPS Radio Occultation Soundings

平流层气球 GPS 无线电掩星探测对南极气候的反馈

• 批准号: 1261680
• 负责人: Jennifer Haase
• 金额: $ 15.04万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-09 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1261680&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Climate; Feedbacks; Antarctic; Stratospheric; Balloon

New efforts to assimilate satellite borne, high-resolution infrared (IR) sounding data from IASI and AIRS satellite radiances are providing much denser information on upper air temperature and humidity. Such efforts have the potential to greatly improve the skill of numerical weather prediction (NWP) model forecast and reanalysis products for the undersampled atmosphere of the southern hemisphere. This is one of the key aims of the CONCORDIASI campaign, a USAP supported IPY project. However, significant biases remain in the IR profiles due to cloud contamination and surface emissivity uncertainties that are specific to the Antarctic environment. This study seeks to improve the quality of global and regional reanalyses using GPS radio occultation profiling techniques made from stratospheric balloon platforms encircling Antarctica in the spring polar vortex. The study is intended to reduce biases in the satellite sounding observations, and to develop the capability for assimilating the balloon GPS RO profiles directly into NWP models.Improved satellite soundings, or balloon borne GPS radio occultation profiling, will help our characterization of southern hemisphere temperature, moisture and circulation features needed for better understanding of phenomena such as ozone depletion, and the workings of the polarity of the Southern Hemisphere annular mode (SAM). Uncertainty as to the future evolution of the climate systems in the polar regions limits our ability to project global climate variability and change.

为同化来自 IASI 和 AIRS 卫星辐射的星载高分辨率红外 (IR) 探测数据所做的新努力正在提供有关高空温度和湿度的更密集的信息。这些努力有可能大大提高南半球欠采样大气的数值天气预报（NWP）模型预报和再分析产品的技能。这是 CONCORDIASI 活动的主要目标之一，该活动是 USAP 支持的 IPY 项目。 然而，由于南极环境特有的云污染和表面发射率不确定性，红外剖面仍然存在显着偏差。本研究旨在利用由春季极涡中环绕南极洲的平流层气球平台制成的 GPS 无线电掩星剖面技术来提高全球和区域再分析的质量。该研究旨在减少卫星探测观测中的偏差，并开发将气球 GPS RO 剖面直接同化到 NWP 模型中的能力。改进的卫星探测或气球载 GPS 无线电掩星剖面将有助于我们表征南半球温度、湿度和环流特征需要更好地理解臭氧消耗等现象，以及南半球环形模式（SAM）极性的工作原理。极地地区气候系统未来演变的不确定性限制了我们预测全球气候变率和变化的能力。