CAREER: Individual and Group Animal Flight Dynamics

职业：个体和群体动物飞行动力学

• 批准号: 1253276
• 负责人: Tyson Hedrick
• 金额: $ 59.04万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-15 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1253276&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Individual; Group; Animal; Flight

Progress in understanding the individual and group maneuvers of flying animals has been slow to date, hampered by technical limitations in quantifying flight behavior and performance in the field. However, the diversity of form and function apparent in living bird, bat and insect species is related to the ability to maneuver, particularly to avoid or enable prey capture and prevail in contests with others of the same species - activities which cannot be adequately replicated in a laboratory. This research will take advantage of recent advances in low power, high-resolution, high-speed video technology to develop flexible recording techniques suitable for precisely measuring individual and group animal flight maneuvers in natural environments over a wide range of sizes and time scales. These capabilities will be used to address hypotheses on the fundamental relationships between shape, biomechanics and maneuverability in flying animals and on their group behavior. Similarities in basic grouping parameters will be examined among different bird or bat species known for varying degrees of coordinated behavior. In addition to providing insight into the biology of a range of animal species, discoveries in this area will also help speed development of micro-air vehicles, animal scale flying machines. Finally, this proposal will lead to rich, freely available data sets and ready-to-use software for other researchers. As part of the education and outreach activities funded by this proposal, a partnership with UNC's Morehead Planetarium and Science Center will incorporate findings from this research and other recent studies of animal flight behavior and performance into a fulldome planetarium show and associated educational materials to be viewed by visiting North Carolina primary school students. The show and materials will also be shared with other planetariums worldwide.

迄今为止，由于量化飞行行为和现场表现的技术限制，理解飞行动物的个体和群体动作的进展缓慢。然而，现存鸟类、蝙蝠和昆虫物种明显的形式和功能多样性与机动能力有关，特别是避免或捕获猎物并在与同一物种的其他物种的竞争中获胜的能力 - 这些活动在其他物种中无法充分复制。一个实验室。 这项研究将利用低功耗、高分辨率、高速视频技术的最新进展，开发灵活的记录技术，适用于在各种尺寸和时间尺度的自然环境中精确测量个体和群体动物的飞行动作。这些能力将用于解决关于飞行动物的形状、生物力学和可操作性之间的基本关系及其群体行为的假设。将检查以不同程度的协调行为而闻名的不同鸟类或蝙蝠物种之间基本分组参数的相似性。除了深入了解一系列动物物种的生物学之外，该领域的发现还将有助于加速微型飞行器、动物规模飞行器的开发。最后，该提案将为其他研究人员带来丰富的、免费的数据集和即用型软件。作为该提案资助的教育和外展活动的一部分，与北卡罗来纳大学莫尔黑德天文馆和科学中心的合作将把这项研究的结果和其他最近关于动物飞行行为和表现的研究纳入全穹顶天文馆表演和相关教育材料中以供观看通过拜访北卡罗来纳州的小学生。该节目和材料也将与世界各地的其他天文馆共享。