The Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT): Sustaining ocean ecosystem and climate observations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

夏威夷海洋时间序列（HOT）：北太平洋副热带环流的维持海洋生态系统和气候观测

• 批准号: 1260164
• 负责人: David Karl
• 金额: $ 571.87万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1260164&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hawaii; Ocean; Time; series; HOT

Intellectual Merit: This proposal will extend funding for the Hawaii Ocean Time-series(HOT) research program for an additional 5 year period (August 2013-July 2018). This will extend the program into its 30th year of sustained observations of ocean ecosystem and climate variability at Station ALOHA in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG). The underlying objectives of HOT continue to focus on documenting temporal dynamics in the cycling of carbon and associated bioelements, in addition to identifying variability associated with hydrological and ecological properties, heat fluxes, and circulation of the NPSG. The program relies on monthly shipboard and near-continuous moored platform measurements to document variability in ocean properties and processes over time scales ranging from semi-diurnal to decadal. Foremost among HOT accomplishments are improved quantification of reservoirs and fluxes of carbon and associated bioelements, identification of how changes to the North Pacific hydrological cycle influence ocean physics and biogeochemistry, increased understanding of the sensitivity of bioelemental cycling to large scale ocean-climate interactions, and creation of long-term data sets needed for assessing future changes to the NPSG. This award provides funds to maintain the high quality suite of biogeochemical and physical measurements required for continued assessment of dynamics in ocean carbon and nutrient pools and fluxes, physical climate, plankton community structure, ecosystem productivity, and inherent optical properties. Increasing the length of program observations continues to improve the value of the dataset for deciphering how low-frequency natural and anthropogenic climate signals influence ecosystem structure in the NPSG. Such efforts will continue to aid on-going biogeochemical and numerical ocean circulation models required for predicting how future habitat perturbations may influence ecosystem dynamics in the NPSG.Broader Impacts: Education, outreach, and training will continue to play a prominent role in HOT program activities. HOT provides a unique learning platform for high school, undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral students and teachers from Hawaii and around the world. The monthly HOT cruises provide short-duration (4 day) opportunities for students and teachers to gain first-hand exposure to ocean and climate sciences. In addition, HOT helps support the research of numerous ocean scientists who rely on the program's infrastructure (ship time, staff, laboratories, and equipment) to conduct their research, education and outreach activities. For example, the Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education (C-MORE) uses the monthly HOT cruises for their "Teachers-at Sea" program that provides opportunities for local area middle school and high school teachers to participate in oceanographic field research. Moreover, HOT PIs maintain a strong commitment to mentoring and training of secondary, undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral students, and the current proposal requests support for both graduate and undergraduate students. HOT program data remain readily accessible and freely available. For example, HOT CO2 data are being included in the forthcoming 5th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, increasing the visibility of program data and public awareness of ocean-climate change. Moreover, program data are widely used in the classroom and appear in textbooks on ocean science.

智力优势：该提案将把夏威夷海洋时间序列（HOT）研究项目的资助再延长 5 年（2013 年 8 月至 2018 年 7 月）。这将使该计划在北太平洋副热带环流 (NPSG) 的 ALOHA 站持续观测海洋生态系统和气候变化，进入第 30 个年头。除了确定与水文和生态特性、热通量和 NPSG 循环相关的变异性之外，HOT 的基本目标继续侧重于记录碳和相关生物元素循环的时间动态。该计划依靠每月的船上和近乎连续的系泊平台测量来记录海洋特性和过程在从半日到十年的时间尺度上的变化。 HOT 成就中最重要的是改进了碳及相关生物元素的储库和通量的量化，确定了北太平洋水文循环的变化如何影响海洋物理和生物地球化学，加深了对生物元素循环对大规模海洋气候相互作用的敏感性的了解，以及创建评估 NPSG 未来变化所需的长期数据集。该奖项提供资金来维持持续评估海洋碳和营养物库和通量动态、物理气候、浮游生物群落结构、生态系统生产力和固有光学特性所需的高质量生物地球化学和物理测量套件。增加计划观测的长度继续提高数据集的价值，用于破译低频自然和人为气候信号如何影响 NPSG 的生态系统结构。这些努力将继续帮助正在进行的生物地球化学和数字海洋环流模型，以预测未来的栖息地扰动可能如何影响 NPSG 中的生态系统动态。更广泛的影响：教育、推广和培训将继续在 HOT 计划活动中发挥重要作用。 HOT 为来自夏威夷和世界各地的高中、本科生、研究生和博士后学生以及教师提供了一个独特的学习平台。每月的 HOT 巡游为学生和教师提供短期（4 天）的机会，让他们亲身接触海洋和气候科学。此外，HOT 还帮助支持众多海洋科学家的研究，他们依靠该计划的基础设施（船舶时间、人员、实验室和设备）来开展研究、教育和推广活动。例如，微生物海洋学研究与教育中心 (C-MORE) 将每月的 HOT 巡游用于其“海上教师”计划，为当地初中和高中教师提供参与海洋学实地研究的机会。此外，HOT PI 仍然坚定地致力于指导和培训中学生、本科生、研究生和博士后学生，当前的提案要求为研究生和本科生提供支持。 HOT 程序数据仍然易于访问且免费提供。例如，HOT CO2 数据被纳入政府间气候变化专门委员会即将发布的第五次评估报告中，从而提高了项目数据的可见性和公众对海洋气候变化的认识。此外，程序数据在课堂上广泛使用，并出现在海洋科学教科书中。

项目成果

Transcriptional patterns identify resource controls on the diazotroph Trichodesmium in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans

• DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0087-z
• 发表时间: 2018-02
• 期刊: The ISME Journal
• 作者: Mónica Rouco;K. Frischkorn;S. T. Haley;Harriet Alexander;S. Dyhrman

Nitrogen fixation rates diagnosed from diurnal changes in elemental stoichiometry

• DOI: 10.1002/lno.10815
• 发表时间: 2018-09-01
• 期刊: LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Follett, Christopher L.;White, Angelicque E.;Follows, Michael J.
• 通讯作者: Follows, Michael J.

Differential Responses of Eukaryotic Phytoplankton to Nitrogenous Nutrients in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2018.00092
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Y. Rii;R. Bidigare;M. Church

Temporal Variability of Trichodesmium spp. and Diatom-Diazotroph Assemblages in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

Trichodesmium spp 的时间变异性。

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2018.00027
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: White, Angelicque E.;Watkins-Brandt, Katie S.;Church, Matthew J.
• 通讯作者: Church, Matthew J.

Station ALOHA: A Gathering Place for Discovery, Education, and Scientific Collaboration: Station ALOHA: A Gathering Place for Discovery, Education, and Scientific Collaboration †

ALOHA 站：发现、教育和科学合作的聚集地： ALOHA 站：发现、教育和科学合作的聚集地 —

• DOI: 10.1002/lob.10285
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin
• 作者: Karl, David M.;Church, Matthew J.
• 通讯作者: Church, Matthew J.