CAREER: Biogeochemical Modification of Seawater CO2 Chemistry in Near-Shore Environments: Effect of Ocean Acidification

职业：近岸环境中海水二氧化碳化学的生物地球化学改变：海洋酸化的影响

• 批准号: 1255042
• 负责人: Andreas Andersson
• 金额: $ 79.56万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1255042&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Biogeochemical; Modification; Seawater; CO2

Because of well-known chemical principles, changes in the CO2 chemistry of seawater in the open ocean as a result of rising atmospheric CO2 can be predicted very accurately. On the other hand, in near-shore environments, these projections are much more difficult because the CO2 chemistry is largely modified by biogeochemical processes operating on timescales of hours to months. To make predictions on how near-shore seawater CO2 chemistry will change in response to ocean acidification (OA), it is critical to consider the relative influence of net ecosystem production (NEP) and net ecosystem calcification (NEC), and how these processes might change in response to this major perturbation. Understanding how future OA will alter near-shore seawater CO2 chemistry and variability was identified as a major critical knowledge gap at the recent IPCC WG II/WG I workshop on impacts of ocean acidification on marine biology and ecosystems in January of 2011, and also at the International Ocean Acidification Network workshop in Seattle in June of 2012. With funding from this CAREER award, a researcher at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography and his students will study how biogeochemical processes and the relative contributions from NEP and NEC modify seawater CO2 chemistry in near-shore environments influenced by different benthic communities under well characterized environmental and physical conditions, and how these processes might change in response to OA. The team will investigate a limited number of contrasting habitats in subtropical (reef crest, back/patch reef, lagoon, seagrass bed, algal mat) and temperate (kelp bed, inter- and sub-tidal, marsh) environments during summer and winter, employing a method that evaluates the function and performance of the carbon cycle of a system using a stoichiometric vector approach based on changes in total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA). These field studies will be complemented by controlled mesocosm experiments with contrasting and mixed benthic communities under different OA scenarios. The project has two educational components: (1) developing a research-driven OA and biogeochemistry course based on inquiry-, experience-, and collaborative-based learning; and (2) working with the Ocean Discovery Institute (ODI) to engage individuals from a local underrepresented minority community in science through educational activities focused on OA, and also providing a moderate number of internships for high school and college students to engage in this research project. Broader Impacts: This project will directly support one PhD student, one junior research technician, and two high school and college interns from underrepresented minorities (URM) each summer of the project. It will contribute to the education of 80 undergraduate and graduate students participating in the research based ocean acidification/biogeochemistry course offered four times throughout the duration of the project at SIO/UCSD. Education and curricular material on the topics of OA, including hands-on laboratories, classroom and field-based activities will be developed through the collaboration with the ODI and brought to hundreds of URM students and their teachers in the City Heights area, a community with the highest poverty and ethnic diversity in the San Diego region. This collaboration will enable URM students to directly engage in a rapidly evolving field of research that has high relevance at both the local and global scales. To ensure broad dissemination of this project and the topic of OA, the research team will work with the Google Ocean team to incorporate information and educational material in the Google Ocean Explorer.

由于众所周知的化学原理，可以非常准确地预测由于大气中二氧化碳含量上升而导致的公海海水二氧化碳化学变化。 另一方面，在近岸环境中，这些预测要困难得多，因为二氧化碳的化学性质在很大程度上受到生物地球化学过程的影响，这些过程的时间尺度为数小时至数月。 为了预测近岸海水二氧化碳化学将如何因海洋酸化（OA）而变化，必须考虑净生态系统生产（NEP）和净生态系统钙化（NEC）的相对影响，以及这些过程如何影响为应对这一重大扰动而做出的改变。 2011 年 1 月，最近召开的 IPCC 第二工作组/第一工作组关于海洋酸化对海洋生物和生态系统影响的研讨会，以及2012 年 6 月在西雅图举行的国际海洋酸化网络研讨会。在该职业奖的资助下，斯克里普斯海洋学研究所的一名研究人员及其学生将研究生物地球化学过程如何以及海洋酸化的相关贡献NEP 和 NEC 改变了近岸环境中受不同底栖群落影响的近岸环境中的海水 CO2 化学，在明确的环境和物理条件下，以及这些过程如何响应 OA 而变化。 该团队将在夏季和冬季调查亚热带（礁顶、背礁/斑礁、泻湖、海草床、藻垫）和温带（海带床、潮间带和潮间带、沼泽）环境中有限数量的对比栖息地，采用基于总溶解无机碳 (DIC) 和总碱度 (TA) 变化的化学计量矢量方法来评估系统碳循环的功能和性能的方法。 这些实地研究将得到不同 OA 情景下对比和混合底栖群落的受控中生态实验的补充。 该项目有两个教育组成部分：(1) 开发基于探究、体验和协作学习的研究驱动的 OA 和生物地球化学课程； (2) 与海洋探索研究所 (ODI) 合作，通过以 OA 为重点的教育活动，让当地代表性不足的少数族裔社区的个人参与科学，并为高中生和大学生提供适量的实习机会，以参与这项研究项目。 更广泛的影响：该项目将在每年夏天直接支持一名博士生、一名初级研究技术员以及两名来自代表性不足的少数族裔 (URM) 的高中和大学实习生。 它将为 80 名本科生和研究生的教育做出贡献，这些学生将在 SIO/UCSD 项目期间参加四次基于研究的海洋酸化/生物地球化学课程。 关于 OA 主题的教育和课程材料，包括动手实验室、课堂和实地活动，将通过与 ODI 合作开发，并提供给城市高地地区的数百名 URM 学生及其教师，该地区是一个圣地亚哥地区贫困程度和种族多样性最高。 此次合作将使 URM 学生能够直接参与快速发展的研究领域，该领域在本地和全球范围内具有高度相关性。 为了确保该项目和 OA 主题的广泛传播，研究团队将与 Google Ocean 团队合作，将信息和教育材料纳入 Google Ocean Explorer。

项目成果

Lateral, Vertical, and Temporal Variability of Seawater Carbonate Chemistry at Hog Reef, Bermuda

百慕大猪礁海水碳酸盐化学的横向、垂直和时间变化

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.562267
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Pezner, Ariel K.;Courtney, Travis A.;Page, Heather N.;Giddings, Sarah N.;Beatty, Cory M.;DeGrandpre, Michael D.;Andersson, Andreas J.
• 通讯作者: Andersson, Andreas J.

Increasing hypoxia on global coral reefs under ocean warming

• DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01619-2
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Nature Climate Change
• 影响因子: 30.7
• 作者: A. K. Pezner;T. Courtney;H. Barkley;W. Chou;H. Chu;Samantha M. Clements;Tyler J. Cyronak;M. DeGrandpre;S. Kekuewa;D. Kline;Yi-Bei Liang;T. Martz;S. Mitarai;Heather N. Page;M. S. Rintoul;J. Smith;K. Soong;Y. Takeshita;M. Tresguerres;Yi Wei;K. Yates;A. Andersson