CAREER: Strain Engineered Mixed Ionic Electronic Conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Catalysts

职业：应变工程混合离子电子导电固体氧化物燃料电池阳极催化剂

• 批准号: 1254453
• 负责人: Jason Nicholas
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2020-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1254453&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Strain; Engineered; Mixed; Ionic; CAREER; Strain; Engineered; Mixed; Ionic

1254453Nicholas, Jason D.Fuels cells are electrochemical devices used to convert the energy stored within the chemical bonds of the fuel into electrical energy and/or heat. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs), which have efficiencies of 60-85%, highest of the hydrocarbon-based electricity production technologies, achieve this by allowing oxygen ions to pass through an electronically insulating solid membrane; and in the process producing electricity by forcing the oxygen electrons to circumvent the membrane via an external circuit. By electrochemically oxidizing fuel in this manner instead of combusting it, SOFCs have demonstrated combined heat and power efficiencies more than twice those obtained in conventional fossil fuel-fed power plants. Unlike other types of fuel cells that can only run on hydrogen, SOFCs can operate on a variety of fuels such as hydrogen, biogas, gasoline, natural gas, jet fuel, and methane.With their ability to run on both hydrocarbon and hydrogen fuels, why have SOFCs not become a primary energy conversion solution? Two of the most daunting obstacles to SOFC commercialization are 1) a lack of SOFC electrode catalyst materials with desirable surface properties at operating temperatures less than 600C, and 2) a lack of catalytically active, high conductivity, redox stable, coking resistant, sulfur tolerant, SOFC anode materials which will allow SOFCs to operate on dry, commercially-widespread hydrocarbon fuels. Professor Jason Nicholas of Michigan State University believes that the pool of available materials may already contain those which will do the job, including mixed ionic electronic-conducting lanthanum strontium chromium magnesium oxides. The National Science Foundation is awarding the Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) Program Award to Nicholas to systematically evaluate the hypothesis that the necessary surface properties and the catalytic activity and selectivity of these mixed ionic oxides can be enhanced through the application of an external biaxial stress. Although thin film catalysts will initially be studied, the PI intends to fabricate and elucidate the behavior of nanocomposite SOFC anodes containing strain engineered catalysts by a number of standard methods. In addition, the investigator will develop a novel curvature relaxation measurement technique which will allow oxygen surface exchange measurements to be performed in situ and in operando without the distortions caused by electrodes, yielding data not previously available.The proposed work will advance the field of catalysis by systematically elucidating, for the first time, the full relationship between stress, structure, electrochemical properties, temperature, and oxygen partial pressure in a SOFC anode electrocatalyst. The investigator plans a wide program of educational outreach activities as a feature of the CAREER award, extending to high school students, undergraduates and teachers. A specific activity will be to provide mid-Michigan Girl Scouts with an annual Michigan State University visit day aimed at introducing K-12 girls to the Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) disciplines.

1254453Nicholas，Jason D.Fuels细胞是用于将燃料化学键中存储的能量转换为电能和/或热量的电化学设备。固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）的效率为60-85％，是最高的碳氢化合物的电力生产技术，它通过允许氧离子通过电子绝缘的固体膜来实现这一目标；在此过程中，通过迫使氧电子通过外电路绕过膜来产生电力。通过以这种方式进行电化学氧化燃料而不是燃烧，SOFC已证明了热量和功率效率的综合效率，是传统化石燃料供应电厂中获得的两倍以上。与其他只能在氢上运行的燃料电池不同，SOFC可以在各种燃料上运行，例如氢，沼气，汽油，天然气，喷气燃料和甲烷。它们在碳氢化合物和氢燃料上均可运行，为什么SOFC不能成为主要能源转换解决方案？ Two of the most daunting obstacles to SOFC commercialization are 1) a lack of SOFC electrode catalyst materials with desirable surface properties at operating temperatures less than 600C, and 2) a lack of catalytically active, high conductivity, redox stable, coking resistant, sulfur tolerant, SOFC anode materials which will allow SOFCs to operate on dry, commercially-widespread hydrocarbon fuels.密歇根州立大学的杰森·尼古拉斯教授认为，可用材料的池可能已经包含能够完成这项工作的材料，包括混合的离子电子导电灯笼元素跨铬镁氧化物。国家科学基金会将教师早期职业发展（职业）计划奖授予尼古拉斯，以系统地评估以下假设：这些混合离子氧化物的必要表面特性以及这些混合离子氧化物的催化活性和选择性可以通过应用外部双轴压力来增强。尽管最初将研究薄膜催化剂，但PI打算通过许多标准方法来制造和阐明含有应变工程催化剂的纳米复合SOFC阳极的行为。此外，研究者将开发一种新型的曲率放松测量技术，该技术将允许氧表面交换测量测量可以在原位和在操作中进行，而不会在没有电极引起的扭曲的情况下进行，从而产生了拟议的工作。在首次触发和结构属性之间，通过系统地阐明催化的催化领域。阳极电催化剂。调查人员计划一项广泛的教育外展活动，作为职业奖的一项特色，扩展到了高中生，本科生和老师。一项特定的活动将是向中米基根女童军提供一年一度的密歇根州立大学访问日，旨在将K-12女孩引入科学，技术，工程和数学（STEM）学科。