CAREER: Erosion and Weathering Control of Soil Carbon: Tectonics and Plows

职业：土壤碳的侵蚀和风化控制：构造和犁

• 批准号: 1253198
• 负责人: Kyungsoo Yoo
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1253198&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Erosion; Weathering; Control; Soil; CAREER; Erosion; Weathering; Control; Soil

Soils are chemical reactors. In this vast and diverse crucible that covers the earth surface, minerals undergo a series of physical and chemical reactions with organic matter. These reactions, by controlling the longevity of organic carbon in soils, contribute to the global carbon cycle and act as a control on atmospheric CO2 levels. Little is known, however, about how such reactions are influenced by the supply of minerals into these soil reactors. This study will test a hypothesis that tectonic action, by physically and chemically exposing rock-originated minerals to the Earth's biologically active surface, regulates carbon-mineral interactions. Conversely, in tectonically quiet places, human land-use plays a dominant role as plows replace tectonics, physically mixing minerals and organic matter and facilitating their interactions. This study ultimately attempts to build and empirically test a universal model of carbon-mineral interactions over a gradient from tectonically active rugged terrains (Coastal California and Sierra Nevada California) to tectonically quiet agricultural plains (Midwestern Corn Belt and Atlantic Coastal Plains). Such a global survey of soils will be integrated into an experiential learning module on soil sustainability in an "Environmental Problem Solving" course that is required for all undergraduate students majoring in Environmental Science, Policy, and Management at the University of Minnesota. Students will be guided to build their knowledge base on soil sustainability by collaboratively developing educational materials and using the materials to inform and engage the general public on issues of long-term soil sustainability. The researcher also plans to revise his graduate course on soil formation in order to dramatically boost graduate students? real world experience in conducting science.

土壤是化学反应堆。在覆盖地球表面的巨大而多样的坩埚中，矿物质与有机物进行了一系列物理和化学反应。通过控制土壤中有机碳的寿命，这些反应有助于全球碳循环，并控制大气二氧化碳水平。然而，关于这种反应如何受到这些土壤反应堆的矿物的供应如何影响这种反应的知之甚少。这项研究将检验一个假设，即通过将岩石原始的矿物物理和化学暴露于地球上活性表面的构造作用来调节碳矿物质相互作用。相反，在构造安静的地方，人类的土地利用在耕作时起着主导作用，取代构造构造，物理混合矿物质和有机物，并促进其相互作用。这项研究最终试图建立和经验测试碳矿物质相互作用的通用模型，从构造活跃的坚固地形（加利福尼亚沿海和内华达州加利福尼亚州沿海地区）到构造安静的农业平原（中西部的宇宙腰带和大西洋沿海平原）。在明尼苏达州大学的所有本科生所必需的“环境问题解决”课程中，这种对土壤的全球调查将纳入有关土壤可持续性的体验学习模块。通过协作开发教育材料，并利用这些材料来告知和吸引公众关于长期土壤可持续性问题的信息，以指导学生建立他们关于土壤可持续性的知识。研究人员还计划修改其研究生关于土壤形成的课程，以显着促进研究生？现实世界进行科学经验。