Experimental calibration of stable isotope and REE partitioning in bioapatite

生物磷灰石中稳定同位素和稀土元素分配的实验校准

• 批准号: 1251443
• 负责人: Matthew Kohn
• 金额: $ 14.28万
• 依托单位: Boise State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-05-15 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1251443&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Experimental; calibration; stable; isotope; REE

Technical description:The geochemistry of biogenic calcium phosphate (bioapatite) is widely used in studies of paleoclimatology, paleoecology, paleoceanography, anthropology/archeology, fossil forensics, geochronology, and tooth caries. Many such endeavors are compromised by poor understanding of the fractionation of stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon in structural carbonate (CO3), and partitioning of rare-earth elements (REE) between bioapatite and aqueous solutions. Stable isotope fractionations and REE partition coefficients will be measured by synthesizing bioapatite in isotopically- and chemically- characterized solutions at temperatures ranging from 10 to 60 °C. Particular emphasis will be placed on identifying the crystallographic site of CO3 substitution as a control on isotope fractionations, calibrating spectroscopic measurements of tooth chemistry, and characterizing particle sizes and surface areas to distinguish intracrystalline vs. adsorption partition coefficients for REE. Time-series experiments will be conducted to ensure close approach to equilibrium, and past experimental methods will be reproduced for improved particle size characterization and comparison to new chemical and isotopic data. Non-technical/Broader impacts:This grant funds a comprehensive calibration of the geochemical behavior of bioapatite - the mineral that constitutes bones and teeth. This work is important for validating past research and improving quantitative interpretations in numerous fields ranging from paleoclimate and paleoceanography to anthropology, forensic discrimination of fossils, geochronology and possibly dental stability. Specifically, we will calibrate methods to determine the carbonate (CO3) content of bioapatite, which strongly controls tooth enamel solubility, and synthesize bioapatites with different CO3 contents. The tendency for bioapatite to accumulate lanthanide-group elements and the heavy isotopes of oxygen and carbon will be calibrated and compared with sparse previous measurements. These data will inform past interpretations of modern tooth and fossil geochemistry and improve targeting of future studies involving modern and fossil teeth. Educational outreach includes research training for a graduate student, and development of undergraduate research for underrepresented groups. Additional training includes development of mentorship skills for a young female research scientist. Boise State serves a large proportion of returning and part-time students with an average undergraduate age of 27. Thus, research and education activities impact a different demographic than at most other universities.

技术描述：生物钙的地球化学（生物磷灰石）被广泛用于古气候学，古代仪，人类学/考古学，化石法医学，地球人工质学的稳定同位素分离。分裂和REE分区系数将在10到60°C的温度下进行beoapatite Ind Charly zed溶液。尺寸和表面积可区分tracrystalline vs. Adsottic分区的肌肉，用于改善新的化学和同位素数据的粒径特征从古气候和古海洋学到化石，地质学和可能的牙齿稳定性的众多领域的研究和改善，我们将校准碳酸盐（CO3），以确定碳酸盐（CO3）的生物影响力含量（CO3）为了积累碳和碳的生物磷灰石将用稀疏的以前的测量来解释现代的Toossil Emistrion，并改善对未来的现代和化石牙齿的靶向。对于年轻的女性研究科学家，返回的时间和时间的平均年龄为27岁。因此，研究和教育活动会影响大多数其他大学。