GOALI: Towards Predicting Fire Suppression Performance: Quantifying Fire-Spray Interactions

目标：预测灭火性能：量化火喷雾相互作用

• 批准号: 1236788
• 负责人: Arnaud Trouve
• 金额: $ 32.7万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1236788&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GOALI; Towards; Predicting; Fire; Suppression

Strategically delivering water to burning commodities is one of the most effective and robust means of suppressing accidental fires. Because of its unparalleled performance and versatility, water-based fire suppression is used extensively. Although the basic cooling (gas and surface) and O2 displacement mechanisms associated with water-based fire suppression are easy to identify, developing detailed models to support fire suppression analysis remains a challenge because of the turbulence, stochastic process, separation of scales, and complex chemistry important to the physical processes governing suppression performance. The enormous complexity of the fire suppression problem is daunting. As such, progress to establish analytical capabilities for evaluating suppression performance has been slow. The absence of this analytical capability has locked the fire safety industry into a costly empirical spiral inhibiting innovation. Dispersed spray interactions (with hot gases, flames, and thermal radiation) and delivered spray interactions (with burning and heated target surfaces) are important in determining fire suppression performance. These dispersed and delivered spray interactions represent rich kinematic, thermal, and chemical processes worthy of exploration. Canonical laboratory-scale and full-scale configurations will be used to isolate and evaluate these phenomena through parallel experimental and numerical activities. Advanced spray characterization and flow diagnostics will be employed to gain insight into local suppression phenomena (useful for model formulation) while simultaneously measuring relevant integral quantities (useful for model validation). Spray transport, extinction, and radiation modeling techniques will be explored and developed for application to large-scale turbulent multi-phase reacting flows (i.e. fire) based on the corresponding canonical experiments. This research offers a comprehensive foundation for validating suppression performance including detailed canonical experiments, well-instrumented full-scale tests relevant to industry, and harmonized analysis. Water-based fire suppression systems (e.g. sprinklers, water mists, hose streams) represent truly ubiquitous forms of engineering used for life safety and infrastructure protection. The underlying suppression technology is anchored largely in phenomenological observations, empiricism, and qualification tests. The University of Maryland Fire Protection Engineering Department has partnered with industry leaders in an ambitious effort to perform the focused experiments and model development required to equip computational based modeling tools used in fire safety analysis with validated models enabling a major step forward in CFD based evaluation of fire suppression performance. This capability will equip engineers with tools required for performance based fire suppression analysis and design perhaps leading to new technologies and engineering practices for life safety and infrastructure protection. The effort would produce 5 Ph.D. students with expertise in fire suppression and close connections with industry while providing numerous undergraduate research opportunities. This effort would also support an annual fire suppression modeling workshop hosted by UM providing a forum for research advances, industry challenges, and new engineering approaches.

从策略上将水向燃烧的商品供水是压制意外火灾的最有效，最强大的方法之一。由于其无与伦比的性能和多功能性，因此广泛使用了水性火灾抑制。尽管与水基抑制相关的基本冷却（气体和表面）和O2位移机制很容易识别，但开发详细的模型来支持火灾抑制分析仍然是一个挑战，因为湍流，随机过程，尺度的分离和对抑制性能的物理过程很重要。火灾抑制问题的巨大复杂性令人生畏。因此，建立评估抑制性能的分析能力的进展一直很慢。这种分析能力的缺乏使消防安全行业陷入了昂贵的经验螺旋抑制创新中。分散的喷雾相互作用（带有热气体，火焰和热辐射）以及传递的喷雾相互作用（带有燃烧和加热的目标表面）对于确定火灾抑制性能很重要。这些分散和传递的喷雾相互作用代表了值得探索的丰富运动学，热和化学过程。 规范实验室规模和全尺度配置将用于通过平行的实验和数值活动来隔离和评估这些现象。 将采用高级喷雾表征和流量诊断，以洞悉局部抑制现象（对模型公式有用），同时测量相关的积分数量（用于模型验证）。 将探索和开发喷雾传输，灭绝和辐射建模技术，以应用于基于相应的规范实验的大规模湍流多相反应流（即火）。 这项研究为验证抑制绩效提供了全面的基础，包括详细的规范实验，与行业相关的备受纪录的全尺度测试以及协调的分析。水基灭火系统（例如洒水器，水雾，软管溪流）代表用于生命安全和基础设施保护的真正无处不在的工程形式。潜在的抑制技术主要锚定在现象学观察，经验主义和资格测试中。马里兰大学消防工程系已与行业领导者合作，努力进行重点实验和模型开发，以配备基于计算的建模工具，该工具使用了验证的模型，从而使基于CFD的火灾抑制绩效迈出了重大一步。该功能将使工程师为基于性能的火灾抑制分析和设计所需的工具提供工具，这可能导致新技术和工程实践，以实现生命安全和基础设施保护。这项工作将产生5博士学位。在抑制火灾方面具有专业知识并与行业有密切联系的学生，同时提供了许多本科研究机会。这项工作还将支持UM主办的年度火灾抑制建模研讨会，为研究进展，行业挑战和新的工程方法提供论坛。