CIF: Small: Adaptive Information: Sequential Sensing and Active Learning Theory, Methods and Applications

CIF：小型：自适应信息：顺序感知和主动学习理论、方法和应用

• 批准号: 1218189
• 负责人: Robert Nowak
• 金额: $ 44.31万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1218189&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CIF; Small; Adaptive; Information; Sequential

Complex systems, such as living cells and the Internet, involve interactions and associations between large numbers of individual components. Specific examples include interactions between proteins in biological cells and connections between users in communication networks. Developing theory and methods to model and analyze large-scale networked systems is a grand challenge for the 21st century. For instance, new mathematical methods will lead to better models of biological systems and thus improvements in disease prevention. Measuring the signals of such systems is a crucial step in developing good models, and a major hurdle is that it is often impractical or impossible to measure all variables in large systems. This project addresses the hurdle by developing adaptive methods that automatically adjust the measurement process by using information gleaned from previously collected data in order to focus and optimize the gathering of new information. Ultimately, these methods will dramatically accelerate the pace of discovery in science and engineering.The main theme of the project is an investigation of the role of adaptive measurement, sensing and experimentation in large complex systems of many variables. Adaptive methods are sequential procedures that optimize the selection of the next measurements or experiments based on previously gathered data. The research involves the development of a general theory for adaptive measurement that is applicable to various domains of engineering and science. The main goals are to mathematically characterize and quantify the advantages of adaptive measurements relative to non-adaptive methods and to design optimal adaptive measurement procedures. The investigation also explores the potential of adaptive methods by studying specific problems and applications in biology, national security, and human-computer interaction.

复杂的系统，例如活细胞和互联网，涉及大量单独组件之间的相互作用和关联。具体示例包括生物细胞中蛋白质之间的相互作用以及通信网络中用户之间的连接。开发对大规模网络系统进行建模和分析的理论和方法是 21 世纪的一项巨大挑战。例如，新的数学方法将带来更好的生物系统模型，从而改善疾病预防。测量此类系统的信号是开发良好模型的关键步骤，主要障碍是测量大型系统中的所有变量通常不切实际或不可能。该项目通过开发自适应方法来解决这一障碍，这些方法可以使用从以前收集的数据中收集的信息自动调整测量过程，以便集中和优化新信息的收集。最终，这些方法将极大地加快科学和工程领域的发现步伐。该项目的主题是调查自适应测量、传感和实验在多变量大型复杂系统中的作用。自适应方法是基于先前收集的数据来优化下一个测量或实验的选择的顺序过程。该研究涉及开发适用于工程和科学各个领域的自适应测量的一般理论。主要目标是从数学上描述和量化自适应测量相对于非自适应方法的优势，并设计最佳的自适应测量程序。该调查还通过研究生物学、国家安全和人机交互中的具体问题和应用来探索自适应方法的潜力。