MRI: Development of New Particle Size Spectrometer for Rugged Deployments from the Surface to the Stratosphere

MRI：开发新型粒度光谱仪，用于从地面到平流层的坚固部署

• 批准号: 1229738
• 负责人: Terry Deshler
• 金额: $ 27.49万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1229738&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; New; Particle; Size

This project is focused on developing an in situ particle size spectrometer for particles with radii ranging from 0.1 to 10 micrometers, and suitable for short- and long-term autonomous deployments at remote sites, or on balloon platforms. Immediate applications of the instrument would be to: 1) Replace current instrumentation for stratospheric aerosol profile measurements from Laramie, Wyoming, and 2) Add particle size measurements to equatorial Lagrangian balloons planned for missions in 2016 to 2018. Such measurements are important since aerosol play fundamental roles in the chemistry of mid-latitude stratospheric ozone, and provide one pathway for water to enter the lower stratosphere through penetrating convection, mainly in the tropics.There are important societal broader impacts from the scientific measurements possible with new autonomous aerosol spectrometers. Consistent records of stratospheric size distributions are important to refine past estimates of climate and to anticipate future variations, due to unpredictable volcanic eruptions, or possible geo-engineering options. Improving understanding of the flux of species across the tropical tropopause is important to understand and predict the global distribution of stratospheric trace gases and particles, both essential ingredients to climate and chemistry models, which are the primary tools to anticipate long term anthropogenic impacts on the atmosphere in which we live. Such knowledge is needed to inform policy decisions related to a variety of air quality and climate issues. Development of the new instrument and results from it will be published through the peer reviewed literature. Instrumentation developed through the proposal will be available to the department and others for future measurements, in particular the Lagrangian balloon platforms. Participants in the project will gain valuable instrumental, experimental, and scientific experience. While one graduate student is included specifically, all graduate students in the principal investigator's group will participate to some extent in instrument development and testing. The group's activities will be extended to the larger community through public presentations, and participation in the University of Wyoming's Engineering Summer Program for promising high school students.

该项目的重点是开发一种原位粒径谱仪，用于测量半径范围为 0.1 至 10 微米的颗粒，适合在远程站点或气球平台上进行短期和长期自主部署。该仪器的直接应用将是：1) 取代怀俄明州拉勒米目前用于平流层气溶胶剖面测量的仪器，2) 为计划在 2016 年至 2018 年执行任务的赤道拉格朗日气球添加颗粒尺寸测量。由于气溶胶的作用，此类测量非常重要中纬度平流层臭氧化学中的基本作用，并为水通过穿透进入平流层下部提供了一种途径对流，主要在热带地区。新型自主气溶胶光谱仪的科学测量可能产生重要的更广泛的社会影响。由于不可预测的火山喷发或可能的地球工程选择，平流层大小分布的一致记录对于完善过去的气候估计和预测未来的变化非常重要。提高对热带对流层顶物种通量的了解对于了解和预测平流层微量气体和颗粒的全球分布非常重要，这两种气体和颗粒都是气候和化学模型的重要组成部分，而气候和化学模型是预测对大气的长期人为影响的主要工具我们居住的地方。需要这些知识来为与各种空气质量和气候问题相关的政策决策提供信息。新仪器的开发及其结果将通过同行评审的文献发表。通过该提案开发的仪器将可供该部门和其他部门用于未来的测量，特别是拉格朗日气球平台。该项目的参与者将获得宝贵的仪器、实验和科学经验。虽然专门包括一名研究生，但首席研究员小组的所有研究生都将在一定程度上参与仪器开发和测试。该小组的活动将通过公开演讲以及参加怀俄明大学为有前途的高中生举办的工程暑期项目而扩展到更大的社区。