COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Cross-national differences in vaccination as unselfish behavior

合作研究：疫苗接种方面的跨国差异是无私行为

• 批准号: 1227390
• 负责人: Alison Galvani
• 金额: $ 37.12万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1227390&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Cross; national; differences

Concern for others may play a significant role in decision making. This research examines cross-national differences in the role that concern for others plays in vaccination decisions using surveys and psychological experiments. The research also examines the influence of this concern on predicted cross-national influenza vaccination rates through mathematical modeling. This interdisciplinary research integrates concepts, tools, and objectives from economics, psychology, mathematics, and epidemiology. The research involves an age-structured mathematical model of infectious-disease transmission. The model uses game theory to incorporate age-dependent vaccination decisions and statistical methods to estimate the probability that individuals will choose to vaccinate against influenza, based on responses to survey items on concern for others and perceptions of infection risk. Focusing on the USA, Japan, France, and China, this research assesses how contact patterns and influenza vaccination decision making vary across cultures and how they can inform nation-specific strategies to promote vaccination. The interface of biological systems, indivduals' decision making, and social and cultural influences illuminates the dynamic interplay between an infectious disease and social decision making. The research is likely to discover novel ways to increase vaccination coverage against influenza, as well as other diseases, by understanding pro-social tendencies.

对他人的关心可能在决策中发挥重要作用。这项研究通过调查和心理实验探讨了对他人的关心在疫苗接种决策中所扮演的角色的跨国差异。该研究还通过数学模型检验了这种担忧对预测的跨国流感疫苗接种率的影响。这项跨学科研究整合了经济学、心理学、数学和流行病学的概念、工具和目标。该研究涉及传染病传播的年龄结构数学模型。该模型使用博弈论，将与年龄相关的疫苗接种决策和统计方法结合起来，根据对有关他人关心和感染风险认知的调查项目的反应，估计个人选择接种流感疫苗的概率。 这项研究以美国、日本、法国和中国为重点，评估了接触模式和流感疫苗接种决策在不同文化之间的差异，以及它们如何为促进疫苗接种的国家特定战略提供信息。生物系统、个人决策以及社会和文化影响的相互作用阐明了传染病与社会决策之间的动态相互作用。通过了解亲社会倾向，这项研究可能会发现增加流感及其他疾病疫苗接种覆盖率的新方法。