Photochemistry of solutes in/on water ice

水冰中/冰上溶质的光化学

• 批准号: 1214121
• 负责人: Cort Anastasio
• 金额: $ 45.19万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1214121&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Photochemistry; solutes; water; ice

The Environmental Chemical Sciences Program in the Chemistry Division at the National Science Foundation supports Professor Cort Anastasio of the University of California- Davis to study how photochemical reactions in snow can significantly affect the chemistry and composition of snow and the overlying atmosphere. We know relatively little about the rates or mechanisms of these processes, and further complicating matters, it appears that the photochemistry of a given solute depends on where the solute is located in/on ice. The two main goals of this proposal are to: (1) quantify how the photoreaction rates of environmentally relevant solutes vary with location in/on ice and (2) determine whether a freezing point depression model can predict solute reactivity. These goals will be achieved using laboratory experiments with carefully characterized ice samples and illumination conditions. This work has the potential to transform our understanding of molecular reactions in/on ice by revealing how chemistry varies with ice compartment and by providing an experimentally-confirmed kinetic framework that could be used to model snow chemistry. The broader impacts of this work include: (1) training and mentoring a postdoctoral fellow, a graduate student, and several undergraduate students, (2) integrating research results into undergraduate and graduate courses, and (3) developing a seminar series on climate change to be offered in Sacramento to engage state, county, and city policy makers as well as the public.

美国国家科学基金会化学部的环境化学科学项目支持加州大学戴维斯分校的 Cort Anastasio 教授研究雪中的光化学反应如何显着影响雪和上覆大气的化学和成分。我们对这些过程的速率或机制知之甚少，并且使问题进一步复杂化的是，给定溶质的光化学似乎取决于溶质位于冰中/冰上的位置。该提案的两个主要目标是：（1）量化环境相关溶质的光反应速率如何随冰中/冰上位置的变化而变化；（2）确定冰点降低模型是否可以预测溶质反应性。这些目标将通过实验室实验以及仔细表征的冰样本和照明条件来实现。这项工作有可能通过揭示化学如何随冰室变化以及提供经实验证实的可用于模拟雪化学的动力学框架来改变我们对冰内/冰上分子反应的理解。这项工作的更广泛影响包括：（1）培训和指导一名博士后、一名研究生和几名本科生，（2）将研究成果融入本科生和研究生课程，以及（3）开发气候变化研讨会系列将在萨克拉门托举行，以吸引州、县和市的政策制定者以及公众参与。