SBIR Phase I: Mesoporous Nanoparticle Flame Retardants

SBIR 第一阶段：介孔纳米颗粒阻燃剂

• 批准号: 1214721
• 负责人: Gerald Roston
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: InPore Technologies, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1214721&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Mesoporous; Nanoparticle; Flame

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project investigates the properties of mesoporous silicate nanoparticles and the use of these particles as non-toxic, char-forming flame retardants (FRs) for thermoset and thermoplastic polymers. The project elucidates the relationship between the physiochemical properties of the silicate compositions (e.g., surface area, pore size, pore volume, surface polarity and chemical composition) and the effectiveness of the mesophases in forming carbonaceous and ceramic chars that function as a barrier toward the three components that support combustion (heat, oxygen, and volatile fuel). In order to accomplish this objective, the quality of the two forms of char is being improved by doping the silicate surfaces to enhance catalytic surface acidity (carbonaceous char) and by integrating the silicates with low temperature inorganic sintering aids (ceramic char). The research program also investigates the dispersion of conventional FR agents within the framework's pores and surfaces for improved flame retardant efficacy through synergistic and additive interactions with the silicate mesophase. The multi-component FR formulations of interest include agents that function in the condensed phase (e.g., intumescent polyphosphates, endothermic metal hydroxides) and the gaseous phase (e.g., molecular phosphorus agents and halogenated compounds).The broader impact/commercial potential of this project is to further the global efforts to reduce the consumption of halogenated flame retardant agents in polymers, due to their negative impact on the environment when they are produced, discarded, and/or burned. Manufacturers are further challenged because the addition of all existing FR compounds diminishes the mechanical properties of the polymer into which they are compounded. The outcome of this project will directly address both of these concerns. Our completely non-toxic, silica-based, mesoporous nanoparticles provide both flame retardation and mechanical property enhancement for a broad range of polymers. The proposed research provides a number of broad, societal and commercial impacts. Further improving the efficacy of mesoporous silicate compositions as FR agents for polymers will advance knowledge by yielding a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the combustion of plastics. Scaling our production facility to meet customer demand will result in job creation and increased use of environmentally friendly and domestically sourced raw materials. As these products become broadly adopted, both domestically and around the world, human exposure to endocrine-active chemicals will be reduced, in accord with the anticipated reduction of dependence on halogenated FR agents.

该小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目研究了介孔硅酸盐纳米颗粒的特性以及这些颗粒作为热固性和热塑性聚合物的无毒成炭阻燃剂 (FR) 的用途。 该项目阐明了硅酸盐组合物的物理化学性质（例如表面积、孔径、孔体积、表面极性和化学成分）与中间相在形成碳质和陶瓷炭中的有效性之间的关系，这些炭质和陶瓷炭充当了阻挡层支持燃烧的三种成分（热量、氧气和挥发性燃料）。 为了实现这一目标，通过掺杂硅酸盐表面以增强催化表面酸性（碳质炭）以及通过将硅酸盐与低温无机烧结助剂（陶瓷炭）结合来改善两种形式的炭的质量。 该研究项目还研究了传统阻燃剂在框架孔隙和表面内的分散情况，通过与硅酸盐中间相的协同和添加剂相互作用来提高阻燃功效。 感兴趣的多组分阻燃配方包括在凝聚相（例如膨胀型聚磷酸盐、吸热金属氢氧化物）和气相（例如分子磷剂和卤代化合物）中发挥作用的试剂。该项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力旨在进一步推动全球努力减少聚合物中卤化阻燃剂的消耗，因为卤化阻燃剂在生产、丢弃和/或燃烧时会对环境产生负面影响。 制造商面临着进一步的挑战，因为所有现有阻燃化合物的添加都会降低所混合的聚合物的机械性能。 该项目的成果将直接解决这两个问题。我们完全无毒的二氧化硅基介孔纳米粒子可为多种聚合物提供阻燃性和机械性能增强。 拟议的研究产生了许多广泛的社会和商业影响。进一步提高介孔硅酸盐组合物作为聚合物阻燃剂的功效将通过更好地理解塑料燃烧的机制来增进知识。 扩大我们的生产设施以满足客户需求将创造就业机会并增加对环保和国内原材料的使用。随着这些产品在国内和世界各地得到广泛采用，人类对内分泌活性化学物质的接触将会减少，这与对卤化阻燃剂依赖的预期减少是一致的。