Doctoral Dissertation Research in Political Science: How Identities Affect Preferences

政治学博士论文研究：身份如何影响偏好

• 批准号: 1160104
• 负责人: James Druckman
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1160104&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Political; Science; Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Political; Science

The expression of citizens' preferences is a fundamental component of democracy. We know from existing research that preferences are strongly influenced by individuals' identities (i.e., the groups with which they identify). As demographics change, underlying preference distributions may also change, underscoring the importance of the research for academic and policy-making communities. The study's major intellectual merit is to investigate how the presence of multiple identities influences preferences. Because identities are increasingly overlapping at the individual level, Americans are more likely than ever to identify with more than one social and political group. These groups may feature complementary or competing interests. How do citizens reconcile these differences when forming policy preferences? Attachments to multiple identities can create internal conflict when two opposing sides of a debate line up with two of an individual's identities. The project includes three distinct studies that address identity and preferences, each seeking to answer an unresolved question about how individuals reconcile competing identity claims. The first study involves survey analyses of how identity influences engagement among Americans of varying identities. The second and third studies involve experimental designs that vary conditions to measure the influence of competing identities on mobilization and the mitigation of biased decision-making.The project is poised to produce several broad impacts. The insight drawn from this research will inform what we know about individuals with diverse identities and their political engagement. If people with multiple competing identities are engaged with politics, the project will enhance our understanding of political representation. If they are disengaged from politics, the project will identify potential challenges to political participation and representation. The project will provide a deeper understanding of the changing role of identity on political behavior, and lay the foundation for future work in this increasingly important area.

公民偏好的表达是民主的基本组成部分。我们从现有研究中知道，偏好受个人身份（即他们所识别的群体）的强烈影响。 随着人口统计的变化，潜在的偏好分布也可能会改变，强调研究对学术和政策制定社区的重要性。 该研究的主要智力优点是研究多种身份的存在如何影响偏好。 由于身份在个人层面上越来越重叠，因此美国人更有可能认同一个以上的社会和政治群体。这些群体可能具有互补或竞争利益。在形成政策偏好时，公民如何调和这些差异？当辩论的两个相对方面与个人的两个身份一致时，对多种身份的附件可能会造成内部冲突。 该项目包括解决身份和偏好的三个不同的研究，每个研究都试图回答一个尚未解决的问题，该问题涉及个人如何调和竞争性身份主张。第一项研究涉及对身份如何影响不同身份的美国人参与的调查分析。第二项和第三项研究涉及实验设计，这些实验设计会改变条件，以衡量竞争身份对动员的影响和缓解偏见决策的影响。该项目有望产生几种广泛的影响。从这项研究中得出的见解将为我们对具有不同身份及其政治参与的个人的了解。如果具有多种竞争身份的人参与政治，该项目将增强我们对政治代表的理解。如果他们与政治分离，该项目将确定政治参与和代表的潜在挑战。该项目将对身份对政治行为的不断变化的作用有更深入的了解，并为在这个日益重要的领域中的未来工作奠定基础。