The Response of the Greenland Ice Sheet to Holocene Climate Change: Testing Ice Sheet Models and Forcing Mechanisms of Ice-Margin Change

格陵兰冰盖对全新世气候变化的响应：测试冰盖模型和冰缘变化的强迫机制

• 批准号: 1156361
• 负责人: Jason Briner
• 金额: $ 28.84万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-15 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1156361&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Response; Greenland; Ice; Sheet; Holocene

Ice sheet response to climate change is a growing concern in light of recent rapid climate warming over Greenland. A consensus among scientists is that oceanographic conditions (e.g., temperature and currents) play a critical role in controlling rates of ice sheet retreat. This project will generate reconstructions of western Greenland Ice Sheet change across a wide geographic corridor that encompasses both marine- and land-terminating sectors of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Measurements from these locations will help demonstrate the different mechanisms thought to control ice margin response to climate change. The project will combine geological reconstructions of past ice margin change and remote sensing and photogrammetry methods to generate records of ice margin change throughout the Holocene, up to and including the 20th century. The geological reconstructions take advantage of untapped archives of former ice margin positions contained within proglacial lakes. In addition, cosmogenic 10Be dating will generate records of early Holocene ice margin recession that took place for both marine- and land-based glacier termini. Records of 20th century ice margin change will take advantage of recently produced spatial datasets such as aerial-photograph-based topographic maps, satellite images, laser and radar data that provide high-resolution images of the ice sheet bed and its surfaceDespite the potential of the Greenland Ice Sheet to contribute dramatically to sea level rise in response to ongoing and projected climate change, resulting in significant socio-economic impacts in the US and around the globe, the future behavior of the ice sheet remains largely uncertain. This uncertainty stems from our incomplete knowledge of the pattern and timescales of the ice sheet's response to climate change. This, in turn, stems from a relatively brief view that we have of ice sheet change, which is limited to several decades. This project will improve our understanding of what controls ice margin change based on how different types of ice sheet sectors have responded to climate changes over the last 10,000 years. By combining these results with marine records and other ice margin and climate reconstructions, the findings of this project will be useful in forecasting future ice sheet and sea level change.

鉴于格陵兰岛最近气候迅速变暖，冰盖对气候变化的反应日益受到关注。 科学家们达成的共识是，海洋条件（例如温度和洋流）在控制冰盖消退速度方面发挥着关键作用。 该项目将重建格陵兰岛西部冰盖变化的广阔地理走廊，其中包括格陵兰冰盖的海洋和陆地终端部分。 这些地点的测量将有助于证明控制冰缘对气候变化响应的不同机制。 该项目将结合过去冰缘变化的地质重建以及遥感和摄影测量方法，生成整个全新世（直至20世纪）冰缘变化的记录。 地质重建利用了前冰湖中未开发的前冰缘位置档案。 此外，宇宙成因 10Be 测年将生成全新世早期冰缘衰退的记录，这种衰退发生在海洋和陆地冰川终点。 20 世纪冰缘变化的记录将利用最近生成的空间数据集，例如基于航空摄影的地形图、卫星图像、激光和雷达数据，这些数据提供冰盖床及其表面的高分辨率图像。为了应对当前和预计的气候变化，格陵兰冰盖将极大地导致海平面上升，从而对美国和全球造成重大的社会经济影响，但冰盖的未来行为在很大程度上仍然不确定。 这种不确定性源于我们对冰盖对气候变化的响应模式和时间尺度的不完全了解。 反过来，这源于我们对冰盖变化的相对简短的看法，这种变化仅限于几十年。 该项目将根据过去一万年不同类型的冰盖部分如何应对气候变化，加深我们对控制冰缘变化的因素的理解。 通过将这些结果与海洋记录以及其他冰缘和气候重建相结合，该项目的研究结果将有助于预测未来的冰盖和海平面变化。