Collaborative Research: Management and Implementation of US GEOTRACES Eastern Pacific Zonal Transect

合作研究：美国GEOTRACES东太平洋地带样带的管理和实施

• 批准号: 1131731
• 负责人: James Moffett
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1131731&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Management; Implementation; US

The mission of the International GEOTRACES Program (www.geotraces.org), of which the U.S. chemical oceanography research community is a founding member, is "to identify processes and quantify fluxes that control the distributions of key trace elements and isotopes in the ocean, and to establish the sensitivity of these distributions to changing environmental conditions" (GEOTRACES Science Plan, 2006). In the United States, ocean chemists are currently in the process of organizing a zonal transect in the eastern tropical South Pacific (ETSP) from Peru to Tahiti as the second cruise of the U.S.GEOTRACES Program. This Pacific section includes a large area characterized by high rates of primary production and particle export in the eastern boundary associated with the Peru Upwelling, a large oxygen minimum zone that is a major global sink for fixed nitrogen, and a large hydrothermal plume arising from the East Pacific Rise. This particular section was selected as a result of open planning workshops in 2007 and 2008, with a final recommendation made by the U.S.GEOTRACES Steering Committee in 2009. It is the first part of a two-stage plan that will include a meridional section of the Pacific from Tahiti to Alaska as a subsequent expedition. This award provides funding for management of the U.S.GEOTRACES Pacific campaign to a team of scientists from the University of Southern California, Old Dominion University, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The three co-leaders will provide mission leadership, essential support services, and management structure for acquiring the trace elements and isotopes samples listed as core parameters in the International GEOTRACES Science Plan, plus hydrographic and nutrient data needed by participating investigators. With this support from NSF, the management team will (1) plan and coordinate the 52-day Pacific research cruise described above; (2) obtain representative samples for a wide variety of trace metals of interest using conventional CTD/rosette and GEOTRACES Sampling Systems; (3) acquire conventional JGOFS/WOCE-quality hydrographic data (CTD, transmissometer, fluorometer, oxygen sensor, etc) along with discrete samples for salinity, dissolved oxygen (to 1 uM detection limits), plant pigments, redox tracers such as ammonium and nitrite, and dissolved nutrients at micro- and nanomolar levels; (4) ensure that proper QA/QC protocols are followed and reported, as well as fulfilling all GEOTRACES Intercalibration protocols; (5) prepare and deliver all hydrographic-type data to the GEOTRACES Data Center (and US data centers); and (6) coordinate cruise communications between all participating investigators, including preparation of a hydrographic report/publication. Broader Impacts: The project is part of an international collaborative program that has forged strong partnerships in the intercalibration and implementation phases that are unprecedented in chemical oceanography. The science product of these collective missions will enhance our ability to understand how to interpret the chemical composition of the ocean, and interpret how climate change will affect ocean chemistry. Partnerships include contributions to the infrastructure of developing nations with overlapping interests in the study area, in this case Peru. There is a strong educational component to the program, with many Ph.D. students carrying out thesis research within the program.

美国化学海洋学研究界是国际 GEOTRACES 计划 (www.geotraces.org) 的创始成员，其使命是“识别控制海洋中关键微量元素和同位素分布的过程并量化通量，并确定这些分布对不断变化的环境条件的敏感性”（GEOTRACES Science Plan，2006）。 在美国，海洋化学家目前正在组织从秘鲁到塔希提岛的热带南太平洋东部（ETSP）地带横断面，作为美国 GEOTRACES 计划的第二次航行。该太平洋部分包括一个大面积的区域，其特征是与秘鲁上升流相关的东部边界具有高初级生产力和颗粒输出率、一个大的含氧最低区（全球主要的固定氮汇）以及由秘鲁上升流产生的大热液羽流。东太平洋隆起。这一特定部分是 2007 年和 2008 年开放规划研讨会的结果，并由美国 GEOTRACES 指导委员会于 2009 年提出最终建议。这是两阶段计划的第一部分，该计划将包括经向部分作为随后的探险，从塔希提岛到阿拉斯加的太平洋。该奖项为来自南加州大学、奥多明尼恩大学和伍兹霍尔海洋研究所的科学家团队提供了管理 U.S.GEOTRACES Pacific 活动的资金。 三位联合领导者将提供任务领导、基本支持服务和管理结构，以获取国际 GEOTRACES 科学计划中列为核心参数的微量元素和同位素样本，以及参与研究人员所需的水文和营养数据。 在 NSF 的支持下，管理团队将 (1) 规划和协调上述为期 52 天的太平洋研究巡航； (2) 使用传统的 CTD/Rosette 和 GEOTRACES 采样系统获取各种感兴趣的痕量金属的代表性样品； (3) 获取传统的 JGOFS/WOCE 质量水文数据（CTD、透射计、荧光计、氧传感器等）以及盐度、溶解氧（检测限为 1 uM）、植物色素、氧化还原示踪剂（例如铵和亚硝酸盐以及微摩尔和纳摩尔水平的溶解营养物质； (4) 确保遵循和报告正确的 QA/QC 协议，并履行所有 GEOTRACES 相互校准协议； (5) 准备所有水文类型数据并将其传送至 GEOTRACES 数据中心（和美国数据中心）； (6) 协调所有参与调查员之间的巡航通信，包括准备水文报告/出版物。更广泛的影响：该项目是国际合作计划的一部分，该计划在化学海洋学领域前所未有的相互校准和实施阶段建立了强有力的伙伴关系。这些集体任务的科学成果将增强我们理解如何解释海洋化学成分以及解释气候变化将如何影响海洋化学的能力。伙伴关系包括对在研究领域有重叠利益的发展中国家（在本例中为秘鲁）的基础设施做出贡献。该计划具有很强的教育成分，有许多博士学位。学生在该计划内进行论文研究。

项目成果

Distribution of iron in the Western Indian Ocean and the Eastern tropical South pacific: An inter-basin comparison

西印度洋和东部热带南太平洋铁的分布：流域间比较

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.119334
• 发表时间: 2020-01
• 期刊: Chemical Geology
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Moffett, James W.;German, Christopher R.
• 通讯作者: German, Christopher R.

Unexpected Source and Transport of Iron from the Deep Peru Margin

秘鲁深部边缘铁的意外来源和运输

• DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00066
• 发表时间: 2020-07
• 期刊: ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Lam, Phoebe J.;Heller, Maija I.;Lerner, Paul E.;Moffett, James W.;Buck, Kristen N.
• 通讯作者: Buck, Kristen N.