Long Term Salinity Measurements

长期盐度测量

• 批准号: 1129364
• 负责人: Raymond Schmitt
• 金额: $ 71.64万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1129364&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Long; Term; Salinity; Measurements

Sea surface salinity (SSS) is a key indicator of the intensity of the water cycle over the oceans. It also has a strong influence on the stability of the upper ocean, which affects its propensity to mix vertically and thereby store or release heat and carbon dioxide. Thus, it has emerged as an important variable for understanding the Earth?s climate system. However, our data base on SSS is limited, salinity has always been a difficult measurement to make autonomously due to the challenges of biological fouling. The PI's request funding to continue development of a self-cleaning conductivity sensor (and associated temperature and pressure measurements) with the goal of obtaining stable, long-term salinity measurements from a variety of ocean platforms. Deployment of such sensors on the drifters of the Global Drifter Program would provide a quantum leap in the numbers of SSS observations obtained and thereby make a substantial contribution to an improved understanding of the global water cycle requires a redesign to minimize the size and the manufacturing cost. In addition they propose to make a profiling model suitable for use on gliders and profilers. Their goal is to produce a sensor that will enable continuous monitoring of surface salinity from drifters in order to advance our understanding of the water cycle.Broader Impacts: This project develops a new capability to deploy low power salinity sensors with long-term stability in most of the platforms like drifters, moorings and AUV's. It's useful for the global drifter program. It is very useful for providing ground truth for the satellite derived salinity from SMOS (operational) and Aquarius (to be launched in June, 2011). Reliable long-term salinity measurements of the surface ocean are critical to accurately constrain the accelerating changes in the global water cycle, which are both predicted and appear to be occurring in response to global warming. The new sensor design should be commercially viable, thereby extending the scope of this proposal to include many more users such as with global ocean observing programs.

海面盐度（SSS）是海洋水循环强度的关键指标。它还对上层海洋的稳定性有很大影响，影响其垂直混合的倾向，从而储存或释放热量和二氧化碳。因此，它已成为了解地球气候系统的重要变量。然而，我们的 SSS 数据库有限，由于生物污垢的挑战，盐度一直是一个难以自主测量的方法。 PI 请求资金继续开发自清洁电导率传感器（以及相关的温度和压力测量），目标是从各种海洋平台获得稳定、长期的盐度测量。在全球漂流者计划的漂流者上部署此类传感器将使获得的 SSS 观测数据数量实现巨大飞跃，从而为加深对全球水循环的了解做出重大贡献，需要重新设计以最大限度地减少尺寸和制造成本。此外，他们建议制作一个适用于滑翔机和剖面仪的剖面模型。他们的目标是生产一种传感器，能够连续监测漂流物的表面盐度，以增进我们对水循环的理解。更广泛的影响：该项目开发了一种新功能，可以在大多数地区部署具有长期稳定性的低功耗盐度传感器。漂流器、系泊装置和 AUV 等平台。这对于全球漂流者计划很有用。它对于为来自 SMOS（正在运行）和 Aquarius（将于 2011 年 6 月发射）的卫星导出的盐度提供地面实况非常有用。对表层海洋进行可靠的长期盐度测量对于准确限制全球水循环的加速变化至关重要，这种变化既是预测的，也是因全球变暖而发生的。新的传感器设计应该具有商业可行性，从而扩大该提案的范围以包括更多用户，例如全球海洋观测计划。