GeoClaw Validation against the Great Tohoku Tsumani of 11 March 2011

针对 2011 年 3 月 11 日的 Great Tohoku Tsumani 的 GeoClaw 验证

• 批准号: 1137960
• 负责人: Randall LeVeque
• 金额: $ 10.09万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1137960&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GeoClaw; Validation; against; Great; Tohoku

The Great Tohoku Tsunami of 11 March 2011 has generated massive quantities of data that will be invaluable in helping to validate tsunami models such as the GeoClaw software being developed by the PI and his collaborators. This RAPID project will provide short-term support for two postdoctoral fellows and two graduate students to assist in collecting data and performing simulations. The main goals are to further validate the software and constituent numerical algorithms as tools for tsunami modeling, and to compare a variety of proposed earthquake source mechanisms for this event that have been developed by different groups of seismologists. Data sources will include NOAA DART buoys, tide gauges, videos and photographs, and post-tsunami surveys, both in the near field and far field. The postdoctoral fellows are experts in tsunami science who have experience in working with a variety of tsunami data, also have experience working with the GeoClaw software in their thesis work. The software implements high-resolution finite volume methods for the nonlinear shallow water equations, with provisions to robustly model inundation. Adaptive mesh refinement is incorporated to allow the efficient solution of the problem over the vast range of spatial scales required.Tsunamis pose a severe threat to many coastal regions of the United States, particularly in the Pacific Northwest. The offshore Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) running from Northern California up to British Columbia periodically produces a magnitude 9 earthquake, generating a tsunami of magnitude similar to that seen in the Indian Ocean in 2004 or from the Japanese tsunami of 2011 (The last major CSZ tsunami was in 1700). The entire West Coast, Hawaii, and Alaska are also at risk from tsunamis arising from many other potential sources. Hazard mitigation and early warning systems require accurate computer simulation tools based on mathematical models of the generation and propagation of tsunamis and the subsequent flooding and inundation along the coast. It is important to test these models against real events, and the 11 March 2011 Great Tohoku Tsunami provides a wealth of data from a variety of sources. Performing a careful series of computational experiments will assist in validating the computational model developed at the University of Washington and will guide the development of further improvements to the model.

2011 年 3 月 11 日发生的东北海啸产生了大量数据，这些数据对于验证海啸模型（例如 PI 及其合作者正在开发的 GeoClaw 软件）具有非常宝贵的价值。该 RAPID 项目将为两名博士后研究员和两名研究生提供短期支持，协助收集数据和进行模拟。主要目标是进一步验证软件和组成数值算法作为海啸建模工具的作用，并比较不同地震学家小组针对该事件提出的各种地震震源机制。数据源将包括 NOAA DA​​RT 浮标、验潮仪、视频和照片以及海啸后的近场和远场调查。博士后研究员是海啸科学领域的专家，他们拥有处理各种海啸数据的经验，也有在论文工作中使用 GeoClaw 软件的经验。该软件对非线性浅水方程实施高分辨率有限体积方法，并提供稳健的淹没模型。采用自适应网格细化，可以在所需的广泛空间尺度上有效解决问题。海啸对美国许多沿海地区，特别是太平洋西北地区构成严重威胁。从北加利福尼亚州一直延伸到不列颠哥伦比亚省的近海卡斯卡迪亚俯冲带 (CSZ) 会定期发生 9 级地震，引发的海啸与 2004 年印度洋或 2011 年日本海啸类似（最后一个重大 CSZ）海啸发生在 1700 年）。整个西海岸、夏威夷和阿拉斯加也面临许多其他潜在来源引发海啸的风险。 减灾和早期预警系统需要精确的计算机模拟工具，该工具基于海啸的产生和传播以及随后的沿海洪水和淹没的数学模型。根据真实事件测试这些模型非常重要，2011 年 3 月 11 日的东北大海啸提供了来自各种来源的大量数据。进行一系列仔细的计算实验将有助于验证华盛顿大学开发的计算模型，并将指导模型的进一步改进。