Dimensions: Collaborative Research: Functional Diversity of Microbial Trophic Guilds Defined Using Stable Isotope Ratios of Proteins

维度：合作研究：使用蛋白质稳定同位素比率定义的微生物营养组的功能多样性

• 批准号: 1136484
• 负责人: Ann Pearson
• 金额: $ 77.28万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-10-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1136484&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dimensions; Collaborative; Research; Functional; Diversity

Advancements in DNA sequencing technology have accelerated the pace of discovery of species and gene distributions, especially for microorganisms. This acceleration contrasts with slower progress in linking environmental genetics and taxonomic diversity to the function, resource utilization, and ecological niches of these organisms. This project will develop a novel application of isotope geochemistry and apply it in the field of biochemical oceanography as a first step toward tackling these challenges. The goal of the project is to combine natural isotope ratio data with proteomics. Different metabolic processes yield different ratios of the stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and sulfur; and by measuring these ratios on specific proteins, these natural isotope signals can attribute biogeochemical processes (functions) to specific microbes (taxonomic and genetic information). Because this is a novel methodology, the project first will seek to identify the fundamental principles of natural isotopic sorting that could result from different types of trophic structure. This will be implemented using pure cultures and then will be tested on a model ecosystem from a stratified lake. An example of a question to be answered is: How does the distribution of organisms' genetic fingerprints in a mixed microbial community scale with the community's genetic diversity? Does higher genetic diversity predict more trophic, or feeding, levels?This research will help to develop a concept of trophic guilds and ecosystem dependence for microbes; such concepts are well developed in macro-ecology, but remain less well understood for microbial diversity. Ecosystem conservation is not possible without a better understanding of what maintains microbial functional and genetic diversity. The success of this project could lead to many further applications for understanding the physiological and ecological roles of uncultured microbes in the environment. The project has three principal investigators: an isotope geochemist, a microbial physiologist, and a microbial ecologist - a team well suited to achieve the interdisciplinary goal of linking geochemistry with microbial diversity. The proposed activities will educate a post-doctoral investigator, two graduate students, and several undergraduate summer students. Through additional activities such as The Cambridge Science Festival and Science by the Pint, the research also will be communicated to the general public.

DNA测序技术的进步加速了物种和基因分布的速度，特别是对于微生物。 这种加速度与将环境遗传学和分类学多样性与这些生物的功能，资源利用和生态壁chi的功能，资源利用和生态壁chi的进展相反。 该项目将开发同位素地球化学的新应用，并将其应用于生化海洋学领域，作为应对这些挑战的第一步。 该项目的目的是将天然同位素比数据与蛋白质组学相结合。 不同的代谢过程产生了碳，氮，氢和硫的稳定同位素的不同比率。通过对特定蛋白质进行测量这些比率，这些天然同位素信号可以将生物地球化学过程（功能）归因于特定的微生物（分类学和遗传信息）。因为这是一种新颖的方法，所以该项目首先将寻求确定可能由不同类型的营养结构引起的天然同位素分类的基本原理。 这将使用纯文化实施，然后将在分层湖中的模型生态系统上进行测试。 要回答的问题的一个例子是：与社区的遗传多样性相混合的微生物社区规模的生物体遗传指纹的分布如何？ 较高的遗传多样性是否可以预测更多的营养或喂养水平？这项研究将有助于发展微生物的营养公会和生态系统依赖性的概念；这种概念在宏观生物学中是很好的发展，但对微生物多样性的理解不多。 如果没有更好地理解维持微生物功能和遗传多样性的因素，则不可能进行生态系统保护。 该项目的成功可能会导致许多进一步的应用，以理解未养殖微生物在环境中的生理和生态作用。 该项目有三个主要研究人员：同位地球化学家，一名微生物生理学家和一个微生物生态学家 - 一个非常适合实现将地球化学与微生物多样性联系起来的跨学科目标的团队。拟议的活动将教育一名博士后调查员，两名研究生和几名本科夏季学生。通过其他活动，例如剑桥科学节和品脱的科学，这项研究还将传达给公众。

项目成果

Strong influence of the littoral zone on sedimentary lipid biomarkers in a meromictic lake

• DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12099
• 发表时间: 2014-11
• 期刊: Geobiology
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: R. Bovee;A. Pearson

Geochemically distinct carbon isotope distributions in Allochromatium vinosum DSM 180 T grown photoautotrophically and photoheterotrophically

光自养和光异养生长的 Allochromatium v​​inosum DSM 180 T 中地球化学上不同的碳同位素分布

• DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12221
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Geobiology
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Tang, T.;Mohr, W.;Sattin, S. R.;Rogers, D. R.;Girguis, P. R.;Pearson, A.
• 通讯作者: Pearson, A.

Protein Stable Isotope Fingerprinting: Multidimensional Protein Chromatography Coupled to Stable Isotope-Ratio Mass Spectrometry

• DOI: 10.1021/ac502494b
• 发表时间: 2014-09-02
• 期刊: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
• 影响因子: 7.4
• 作者: Mohr, Wiebke;Tang, Tiantian;Pearson, Ann
• 通讯作者: Pearson, Ann

Coupled reductive and oxidative sulfur cycling in the phototrophic plate of a meromictic lake

• DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12092
• 发表时间: 2014-09-01
• 期刊: GEOBIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Hamilton, T. L.;Bovee, R. J.;Macalady, J. L.
• 通讯作者: Macalady, J. L.