Collaborative Research: Human Responses to Late Pleistocene Coastal Environmental Change in Portuguese Estremadura

合作研究：人类对葡萄牙埃斯特雷马杜拉更新世晚期沿海环境变化的反应

基本信息

批准号：
1118183
负责人：
Michael Benedetti
金额：
$ 13.6万
依托单位：
University of North Carolina at Wilmington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-07-15 至 2015-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1118183&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Human Responses Late

项目摘要

With support from the National Science Foundation, Dr. Jonathan Haws (University of Louisville) and Dr. Michael Benedetti (University of North Carolina Wilmington) will lead a three-year geoarchaeological study along the coast of central Portugal. The project brings together an international team of archaeologists, geologists, paleoecologists, and physical geographers to study Neanderthal and early modern human responses to environmental change during the Paleolithic. Portugal is recognized as a key location in archaeological, paleobotanical, and oceanographic studies, and coastal landscapes are increasingly recognized as a key setting for understanding Neanderthal extinction and establishment of modern human populations in Western Europe. This study will establish new evidence of Paleolithic settlement in coastal wetlands, beaches, and dune fields to test hypotheses about this important transition in human history. Haws and Benedetti are focusing efforts on the Estremadura coast north of Lisbon, where a unique geologic history has preserved sedimentary evidence of the Paleolithic coastline including several Neanderthal sites. In particular, extensive Pleistocene sand deposits in the region record landscape response to abrupt cold and arid phases of the last glacial stage.This interdisciplinary project will foster a deeper understanding of coupled anthropogenic and geomorphic system responses, and will shed light on human decision-making in the face of dramatic environmental change. Thus, on an overarching level the results stand to inform environmental policy and planning decisions.This geoarchaeological project is built around two main objectives: (1) conducting detailed excavations at newly-discovered coastal Neanderthal sites (Praia Rei Cortiço and Mira Nascente) and a cave site near the coastal margin (Gruta das Pulgas); and (2) establishing a chronology of coastal geomorphic response to climate and sea level change in the study area. The methods employed will include analysis of stone tools, animal bones, paleosols and sediments, palynology, and geochemical fingerprinting of ancient depositional environments. Age control will be established by radiocarbon dating of organic matter and optically-stimulated luminescence of quartz sand grains. The archaeological and geoscience objectives of this project are complementary; both test emerging models of response to climate change in physical and human landscapes. The archaeological component addresses models of technological efficiency, subsistence strategies, and use of coastal resources in the Paleolithic. Geodynamic models involve the relative importance of climate change versus sea level fluctuations as controls on hillslope erosion, fluvial aggradation, and aeolian dune building. The broader impacts of this project include collaborative partnerships between the American research team and colleagues at the University of Algarve in Faro, Portugal. The project offers a combination of scientific engagement and cultural enrichment for student participants, including first-generation college students from working poor and rural backgrounds in Kentucky and North Carolina. With the support of the participating universities, these students will develop independent research projects and co-author papers and presentations of results. The project also raises the profile of American research teams in international Quaternary science, and contributes to the long-term goal of connecting paleoenvironmental research efforts across the North Atlantic basin.

在国家科学基金会的支持下，乔纳森·霍斯博士（路易斯维尔大学）和迈克尔·贝内德蒂博士（北卡罗来纳大学威尔明顿分校）将领导一项沿葡萄牙中部海岸进行的为期三年的地质考古研究，该项目汇集了一项国际性研究。由考古学家、地质学家、古生态学家和自然地理学家组成的团队研究尼安德特人和早期现代人类对旧石器时代环境变化的反应，葡萄牙被认为是考古学、古植物学、海洋学研究以及沿海景观越来越被认为是了解尼安德特人灭绝和西欧现代人类种群建立的关键背景。这项研究将建立沿海湿地、海滩和沙丘地区旧石器时代定居的新证据来进行测试。关于人类历史上这一重要转变的假设主要集中在里斯本北部的埃斯特雷马杜拉海岸，那里独特的地质历史保存了旧石器时代海岸线的沉积证据，包括多条旧石器时代海岸线的沉积证据。特别是，该地区广泛的更新世沙沉积物记录了对末次冰期突然寒冷和干旱阶段的景观响应。这个跨学科项目将促进对人类和地貌系统耦合响应的更深入了解，并将为人类提供线索。因此，在总体层面上，研究结果将为环境政策和规划决策提供信息。该地质考古项目围绕两个主要目标建立：（1）在新发现的沿海尼安德特人遗址（Praia Rei Cortiço 和 Mira Nascente）和沿海边缘附近的洞穴遗址（Gruta das Pulgas）；（2）建立研究区域沿海地貌对气候和海平面变化响应的年代表。所采用的方法将包括对石器、动物骨骼、古土壤和沉积物的分析、孢粉学以及古代沉积环境的地球化学指纹分析，并将通过有机物的放射性碳测年来确定年龄。该项目的考古和地球科学目标是互补的；考古部分涉及技术效率、生存策略和使用的模型。旧石器时代沿海资源的地球动力学模型涉及气候变化与海平面波动作为对山坡侵蚀、河流侵蚀和风成沙丘形成的控制的相对重要性。美国研究团队与葡萄牙法鲁阿尔加维大学同事之间的合作伙伴关系，该项目为学生参与者提供了科学参与和文化丰富的结合，其中包括来自肯塔基州和北部的贫困工人和农村背景的第一代大学生。在参与大学的支持下，这些学生将开发独立的研究项目并共同撰写论文和成果展示，该项目还将提高美国研究团队在国际第四纪科学领域的知名度，并为长期目标做出贡献。将古环境研究工作联系起来北大西洋盆地。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（2）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Late Pleistocene Landscape and Settlement Dynamics of Portuguese Estremadura

葡萄牙埃斯特雷马杜拉更新世晚期景观和聚落动态

DOI：
10.1080/00934690.2020.1733780
发表时间：
2020-05
期刊：
Journal of Field Archaeology
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Haws, Jonathan A.;Benedetti, Michael M.;Funk, Caroline L.;Bicho, Nuno F.;Pereira, Telmo;Marreiros, João;Daniels, J. Michael;Forman, Steven L.;Minckley, Thomas A.;Denniston, Rhawn F.
通讯作者：
Denniston, Rhawn F.

The hydrogen isotopic compositions of sedimentary mid-chain n-alkanes record ecological change at a Portuguese paleowetland

沉积中链正构烷烃的氢同位素组成记录了葡萄牙古湿地的生态变化