Collaborative Research: A field, laboratory and theoretical study of mixed bedrock-alluvial meandering rivers

合作研究：混合基岩冲积曲流河的现场、实验室和理论研究

• 批准号: 1124114
• 负责人: Colin Stark
• 金额: $ 23.55万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1124114&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; field; laboratory; theoretical

The focus of this project is the meandering of river channels, an iconic phenomenon in geomorphology and a fundamental process of channel morphodynamics. The goal is to advance our understanding of meander morphodynamics in eroding channels enough to develop a general theoretical framework for channel meanders in a variety of environments. A particular focus is the meandering of mixed bedrock-alluvial channels and the role of sediment cover in the mediation of patterns of channel erosion. Such processes are being studied through a combination of field studies, laboratory experiments, numerical simulations and theoretical analysis. Novel aspects of the research include: (i) the study of micro-scale dissolutional meanders in the field and the laboratory as a proxy for macro-scale abrasional meanders, and (ii) the development of meander morphodynamic model whose channel cross-section is not fixed but rather evolves according to a plug-in constitutive equation for erosion rate.Meandering streams and rivers are a vital part of the natural landscape of the United States and beyond. Over the centuries, many of these rivers have been modified drastically and their crucial environmental role compromised. Remediation of these rivers has become a priority in recent years as the negative effects of such environmental damage have become clear. For remediation to succeed, and for the assessment and management of meandering rivers to be effective, a thorough understanding of channel morphodynamics is needed. The aim of this project is to deepen such understanding and to pass on these advances to the broad community of scientists and engineers interested in the topic.

该项目的重点是河道的蜿蜒，这是地貌学中的标志性现象，也是河道形态动力学的基本过程。 目标是增进我们对侵蚀河道曲流形态动力学的理解，足以开发各种环境中河道曲流的通用理论框架。 特别关注的是混合基岩冲积河道的蜿蜒以及沉积物覆盖在调节河道侵蚀模式中的作用。 人们正在通过现场研究、实验室实验、数值模拟和理论分析相结合的方式来研究这些过程。 该研究的新颖之处包括：（i）在现场和实验室研究微观尺度溶解曲流作为宏观尺度磨损曲流的代表，以及（ii）开发曲流形态动力学模型，其河道横截面为不是固定的，而是根据侵蚀率的插件本构方程演变。蜿蜒的溪流和河流是美国及其他地区自然景观的重要组成部分。 几个世纪以来，许多河流已经发生了巨大的变化，其重要的环境作用也受到了损害。 近年来，随着环境破坏的负面影响日益明显，这些河流的修复已成为当务之急。 为了使修复取得成功，并有效地评估和管理蜿蜒河流，需要对河道形态动力学有透彻的了解。 该项目的目的是加深这种理解，并将这些进展传递给对此主题感兴趣的广大科学家和工程师群体。